The cytotoxicity of a high purity Cornish kaolinite toward mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro was examined. The material was cytotoxic towards these cells, the activity could be decreased substantially by pretreating the dust with poly(2-vinylpyridine N-oxide). Pretreatment of the dusts with poly(acrylic acid) had a small effect on cytotoxicity, but combinations of the polymer treatments vir...

This study aims to characterize the physical distribution of heavy metals in kaolin soil and the chemical and structural changes in kaolinite minerals that result from electrokinetic remediation. Three bench-scale electrokinetic experiments were conducted on kaolin that was spiked with Cr(VI) alone, Ni (II) alone, and a combination of Cr(VI), Ni(II) and Cd(II) under a constant electric potentia...

Renewed focus on the sorption of hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOCs) onto mineral surfaces and soil components is required due to the increased and wider range of organic pollutants being released into the environment. This mini-review examines the possibility of the contribution and mechanism of HOC sorption onto clay mineral sorbents such as kaolinite, and soil organic matter and the possibl...

In this work, a series of transition metal (Cr, Mn, Fe, and Co) doped kaolinite nanoclays were investigated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of metal doping on geometric structure and electronic structure of kaolinite was analyzed. The ferromagnetic (FM), antiferromagnetic (AFM), and nonmagnetic (NM) states of transition metal (TM) doped kaolinite structures were s...

AB S T R A C T : The Fourier transform Raman spectra of the kaolinite minerals have been measured in the 50-3800 cm -1 region using near infrared spectroscopy. Kaolinites are characterized by remarkably intense bands in the 120-145 cm -I region. These bands, attributed to the O-Si--O and O-A1-O symmetric bending modes, are both polymorph and orientation dependent. The 200-1200 cm -I spectral ra...

The dispersion behavior of particles is of great significance in selective flocculation flotation. The interfacial interaction between coal and the main impurity mineral (kaolinite) particles with the effect of an anionic polyacrylamide (PAM A401) was explored by the extended Derjagin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (DLVO) theory. The involved surface free energy components of fine mineral particles wer...

In the present study, porous alumina/silica materials were prepared by selective leaching of silicon/aluminum constituents from thermal-activated kaolinite in inorganic acid or alkali liquor. The correlations between the characteristics of the prepared porous materials and the dissolution properties of activated kaolinite were also investigated. The results show that the specific surface area (...

Solution chemistry effects on surfactant micelle formation, surfactant sorption on kaolinite, and phenanthrene partitioning to surfactant micelles and sorbed surfactants were studied. For the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), critical micelle concentration (cmc) values decreased with increasing ionic strength but were unaffected by pH changes. For the nonionic surfactant Tween 80...

The effects of the electrolyte concentration and pH on the settling behaviour, floc sizes and rheological behaviour of kaolinite suspensions were investigated. The results show that the settling behaviour of kaolinite changes with the ionic strength and pH of the suspension. In the acidic pH range, (pH 2) particles settle in flocculated form regardless of electrolyte concentration, however, in ...

Isolated Escherichia coli K-12 cell envelopes or Bacillus subtilis 168 cell walls were reacted with smectite or kaolinite clay in distilled deionized water (pH 6.0); unbound envelopes or walls were separated by sucrose density gradient centrifugation, and the extent of adsorption was calculated. At saturation, both clays adsorbed approximately 1.0 mg (dry weight) of envelopes or walls per mg (d...