Eli Feiring has developed a concept of forward-looking responsibility in healthcare. On this account, what matters morally in the allocation of scarce healthcare resources is not people's past behaviours but rather their commitment to take on lifestyles that will increase the benefit acquired from received treatment. According to Feiring, this is to be preferred over the backward-looking concep...

In this paper, a new continuum traffic model is developed considering the backward-looking effect through positive backward equilibrium speed function. As compared with conventional full velocity difference model, function, which largely acceptably grounded from mathematical and physical perspectives, plays an important role in significantly enhancing stability of flow field. A linear condition...

In this paper, the backward MPSD (Modified Preconditioned Simultaneous Displacement) iterative matrix is firstly proposed. The relationship of eigenvalues between the backward MPSD iterative matrix and backward Jacobi iterative matrix for block p-cyclic case is obtained, which improves and refines the results in the corresponding references. Keywords—Backward MPSD iterative matrix, Jacobi itera...

Providing efficient support for interactive operations such as fast-forward and fast-backward is essential in video-on-demand and other multimedia server systems. In this paper, we present two basic approaches for scheduling interactive operations, the prefetching approach and the grouping approach. Scheduling algorithms are presented for both fine-grain and coarse-grain data blocks. These algo...

Recently, the standardization of backward compatible JPEG image coding for high dynamic range image has been undertaken to establish an international standard called JPEG XT. Currently, three profiles called Profiles A, B, and C have been proposed for JPEG XT. Whereas all these profiles perform their image coding in the spatial domain, this paper proposes a new coding approach by manipulating D...