The ability to recognize close relatives in order to cooperate or to avoid inbreeding is widespread across all taxa. One accepted mechanism for kin recognition in birds is associative learning of visual or acoustic cues. However, how could individuals ever learn to recognize unfamiliar kin? Here, we provide the first evidence for a novel mechanism of kin recognition in birds. Zebra finch (Taeni...

Relatives play an important role in human reproduction according to evolutionary theories of reproductive behavior, but previous empirical studies show large differences in the effects of kin on fertility outcomes. In our paper we examine the effect of co-resident kin and non-kin on the length of birth intervals over the reproductive life course of Dutch women born between 1842 and 1920. We est...

Social interactions among individuals are wide-spread, both in natural and domestic populations. As a result, trait values of individuals may be affected by genes in other individuals, a phenomenon known as Indirect Genetic Effects (IGEs). IGEs can be estimated using linear mixed models. The traditional IGE-model assumes that an individual interacts equally with all its partners, whether kin or...

Since W. D. Hamilton's seminal work on the evolution of sociality, a large body of research has accumulated on how kin selection might explain the evolution of cooperation in many group-living species. Our study examined the evolutionary basis of philopatry and cooperation; specifically, whether individuals benefit from the presence of close kin. We applied an individual fitness approach to a 1...

I n recent years, seemingly frequent examples of problems related to the integrity of authorship and publication have plagued the medical literature. These issues have been primarily related to the appropriateness of authorship (including ghostwriting and so-called " guest authorship " of manuscripts), duplicate publication of articles, plagiarism, scientific misconduct in the form of falsifica...

Authorship attribution assigns works of contentious authorship to their rightful owners solving cases of theft, plagiarism and authorship disputes in academia and industry. In this paper we investigate the application of information retrieval techniques to attribution of authorship of C source code. In particular, we explore novel methods for converting C code into documents suitable for retrie...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate evidence about authorship issues and provide synthesis of research on authorship across all research fields. METHODS We searched bibliographical databases to identify articles describing empirical quantitive or qualitative research from all scholarly fields on different aspects of authorship. Search was limited to original artic...

collaboration networks are the basis of development of social knowledge domains. a co-authorship network includes a set of people connected to each other because of their cooperation in publication of articles and thus create a huge graph.this study has analyzed co-authorship papers of civilica, islamic world science citation center (isc), scientific information database (sid) and science direc...