Cholangitis is a serious life-threatening situation affecting the hepatobiliary system. This review provides an update regarding the clinical and pathological features of various forms of cholangitis. A comprehensive search was performed in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Knowledge databases. It was found that the etiology and pathogenesis of cholangitis are heterogeneous. Cholangitis can be cat...

Breast cancer accounts for the second most cancer diagnoses among women and the second most cancer deaths in the world. Until recently, evasive surgical biopsy was the only accurate and reliable diagnosis and prognosis tool. Of late, machine learning techniques have been applied to these tasks. We present a series of papers applying machine learning techniques to both problems of diagnosis and ...

The results of recent multicenter studies of stroke prevention are encouraging. Carotid endarterectomy is highly beneficial for patients with recent transient ischemic attacks (TIA) or nondisabling stroke and ipsilateral high-grade stenosis (70-99%); ticlopidine significantly lowers the risk of stroke in patients with TIA or minor stroke compared with aspirin or placebo,' and coumadin and aspir...

background and aims: cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality among men and women so that the difference in acute myocardial infarction (ami) symptoms between men and women can affect diagnosis and time of decision making for treatment and consequently disease outcomes. therefore, knowledge of different symptoms affects the prognosis of the disease according to the gender. this s...

conclusions in view of the limitations of the above-mentioned modalities, liver biopsy remains the gold standard method for documentation of diagnosis and estimation of disease severity in nafld. context considering the increasing prevalence of obesity and insulin resistance syndrome worldwide, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld) has become a major health concern. early diagnosis and prop...

Calf strains are common injuries seen in primary care and sports medicine clinics. Differentiating strains of the gastrocnemius or soleus is important for treatment and prognosis. Simple clinical testing can assist in diagnosis and is aided by knowledge of the anatomy and common clinical presentation.

Since 1993, when the first small non-coding RNA was identified, our knowledge about microRNAs has grown exponentially. In this review, we focus on the main progress in this field and discuss the most important findings under a historical perspective. In addition, we examine microRNAs as markers of disease diagnosis and prognosis, and as new therapeutic targets.