<p style="text-align:justify">Although Goodman–Kruskal gamma (G) is used relatively rarely it has promising potential as a coefficient of association in educational settings. Characteristics G are studied three sub-studies related to measurement appears be unexpectedly appealing an estimator between item and score because strictly indicates the probability get correct answer test given sc...

Originally, the Unruh effect is considered in the Minkowski spacetime. That is, for a uniformly accelerated observer in the Minkowski spacetime, there will be an event horizon, and the observer will detect radiation from it. In this paper, we extend the Unruh effect to the Kruskal spacetime. After defining some special null hypersurface in the Kruskal spacetime, we find that it can be considere...

Abstract Although usually taken as a symmetric measure, G is shown to be directional coefficient of association. The direction in not related rows or columns the cross-table nor identity variables predictor criterion variable but, instead, number categories scales. Under conditions where there are no tied pairs dataset, equals Somers’ D so directed that with wider scale ( X ) explains response ...

We show how to determine if a given vector can be the signature of a system on a finite number of components and, if so, exhibit such a system in terms of its structure function. The method employs combinatorial results from the theory of (finite) simplicial complexes, and provides a full characterization of signature vectors using a theorem of Kruskal and Katona. We also show how the same appr...