The involvement of nitric oxide (NO) in the reinforcing properties of opiate reward was studied by examining the effect of a NO precursor (L-arginine) and a NO synthase inhibitor (L-NAME) on the rate of intravenous self-administration of morphine. This experiment was investigated in male albino Sprague Dawley rats (300 ± 50 g). At doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg (i.p.), L-arginine decreased morphine ...

Xi J, Tian W, Zhang L, Jin Y, Xu Z. Morphine prevents the mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening through NO/ cGMP/PKG/Zn /GSK-3 signal pathway in cardiomyocytes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 298: H601–H607, 2010. First published December 4, 2009; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00453.2009.—The aim of this study was to test whether morphine prevents the mitochondrial permeability transition ...

The aim of this study was to test whether morphine prevents the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening through Zn(2+) and glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK-3beta). Fluorescence dyes including Newport Green Dichlorofluorescein (DCF), 4-amino-5-methylamino-2',7'-difluorofluorescein (DAF-FM), and tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester (TMRE) were used to image free Zn(2+), nitric ox...

In the present study the effects of both CCK receptor agonists and antago­ nists on antinociception induced by morphine in the tail-flick test have been evalu­ ated. M orphine induced dose-dependent antinoci�eption in mice. The response of morphine was potentiated by sulfated cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8S) but not by unsulfated cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8U). The CCK receptor antagonists MK-329 and L-3...

The major objective of this paper is to characterize the mechanism by which morphine modulates lymphocyte function and if these effects are mediated through the mu-opioid receptor. We evaluated the in vitro effects of morphine on lymphocytes that were freshly isolated from lymph nodes from wild type (WT) and mu-opioid receptor knock-out (MORKO) mice. Results show that morphine inhibits Con A-in...

The mu opioid agonist morphine has distinct effects on spinal dorsal horn neurons in the superficial and deep laminae. However, it is not clear if the inhibitory effect of morphine on dorsal horn projection neurons is secondary to its potentiating effect on inhibitory interneurons. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that removal of GABAergic and glycinergic inhibitory inputs attenuates the...

Objective: In the present study, the effects of aqueous saffron extract (Crocus sativus L.) on the acquisition and reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in mice were investigated. Materials and Methods: Subcutaneous administration of morphine (40 mg/kg for four days) produced place preference. Intraperitoneal administration of aqueous extract (40 and 80 mg/kg for ...

introduction: nitric oxide (no) is a neuronal messenger molecule in the central nervous system, which is generated from l-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (nos) and involves in many important opioid-induced effects. our previous studies revealed that cuminum cyminum interestingly reduces morphine sensitization, tolerance and dependency in male mice. therefore, in the present study, the effect ...

In the present study the effects of both CCK receptor agonists and antagonists on antinociception induced by morphine in the tail-flick test have been evaluated. M orphine induced dose-dependent antinociception in mice. The response of morphine was potentiated by sulfated cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8S) but not by unsulfated cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8U). The CCK receptor antagonists MK-329 and L-...

in the present study, interactions between lead exposure with nitric oxide precursor (l-arginine) or nitric oxide synthase (nos) inhibitor (l-name) on naloxone-induced jumping and diarrhea in morphine-dependent mice were examined. chronic lead acetate (0.05%) exposure altered naloxone-induced jumping and diarrhea in mice. jumping was decreased after 7 days and was unchanged 14 and 28 days after...