Investment in the agricultural sector is important because this sector greatly affects the realms of providing food independence and security, employment, sustainable development, and environmental preservation. So, this study investigated the socio-economic impacts (direct and indirect effects) of the investment development policy on the agricultural sector and its sub-sectors in Iran in 2011 ...

the present study has objectively investigated and reviewed 164 managers, employees and workers of tuka steel investment holding company (tsih co.) as one of the most successful companies in iran's steel industry. the survey approach has been adopted to serve the following purposes of this study: a) to define the prevailing organizational culture in steel industry; and b) to review alignment do...

The interdependency of information security risks poses a significant challenge for firms to manage security. Firms may overor under-invest in security because security investments generate network externalities. In this paper, we explore how firms can use three risk management approaches, third-party cyberinsurance, managed security service (MSS) and risk pooling arrangement (RPA), to address ...

A Fuzzy Behavioral Portfolio model (FBPM) is proposed for security investment with insufficient market information and uncertain emotion influence on investment return and risk. Based on the general behavioral portfolio theory, trapezoidal fuzzy number is employed to characterize investment return and risk. Text emotion analysis based on emotional lexicons is introduced to obtain the market inv...

This paper applies real options analytic framework to firms’ investment activity in information security technology and then a dynamic analysis of information security investment is explored by extending Gordon-Loeb (2002). The current research provides how firms have to respond to immediate or remote threat numerically. It shows that although positive drift of threat causes both larger and lat...

IT-security has become a key topic for nearly every company nowadays. To safeguard security, investments in technical and organizational infrastructures have to be made. The efficiency and effectiveness of these investments can often be hardly determined due to the invisibility of their benefits. When implementing IT-security measures, the predicted outcome, e.g. prevented losses, is uncertain ...

We present an empirical analysis of security investment in the healthcare sector to explore the impact of learning effects on breach performance. Employing organizational learning theory, we seek to identify how different types of security investment affect subsequent security failures. Our analysis is based on data from 2,386 healthcare organizations and benefits from data that have been gathe...