The aetiology of most cases of lacrimation due to stenosis or obstruction of the upper lacrimal drainage system is not yet known, but in some cases it is due to infection of the lacrimal puncta and canaliculi when virus disease is localized in the eyes and eyelids. Attention has already been drawn to constriction and obstruction of the lacrimal puncta and canaliculi in ophthalmic vaccinia (Bouz...

AIMS To determine the current bacteriology of lacrimal duct obstruction (LDO) and to relate the bacteriological findings to the type of symptoms. METHODS 127 samples were obtained from the lacrimal sac in 118 consecutive adult patients with LDO, including nine bilateral cases. RESULTS Altogether, 156 isolates were recovered from the 127 samples cultured. Cultures were positive from 84% of t...

PURPOSE To analyze the influence of botulinum toxin on the lacrimal function of patients with facial dystonias. METHODS Patients with the diagnosis of hemifacial spasm or benign essential blepharospasm were evaluated and invited to answer the Ocular Surface Index Disease (OSID) questionnaire. All patients underwent Schirmer I and basal tests; break-up time (BUT) test and lacrimal clearance ev...

Background/objectives: Acute dacryocystitis, or inflammation of the lacrimal sac with abscess, is almost always secondary to nasolacrimal duct obstruction. The standard practice for treatment is incision and drainage because of concerns about the risks of exacerbation and spread of infection. Here, we tried to evaluate primary endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (EnDCR) as a treatment for acute da...

A functional study of the lacrimal drainage apparatus was made in 25 patients. Angiographin was instilled into the conjunctival sac and serial radiographs were taken. The films were interpreted in conjunction with the intubation macro-dacryocystograms. Although this is a useful procedure, the use of angiographin compares unfavourably with ultra-fluid Lipiodol in a similar procedure.

introduction: this study was done to determine the site of obstruction in lacrimal drainage system in asian patients suffering from epiphora and to determine the transit time taken for the tracer material to reach the lacrimal sac and the nasal cavity. methods:dacryoscintigraphy was performed using radionuclide technetium-99m pertechnetate (99mtc) in 34 patients suffering from unilateral or bil...

PURPOSE Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is widely accepted as the procedure of choice for surgical correction of lacrimal drainage system obstruction distal to common canaliculus in adulthood. The success rate of DCR has been reported to be from 63% to 99%. DCR failure has been attributed to membranous occlusion of the rhinostomy site caused by soft tissue scarring. More recently, use of mitomycin ...

Excessive watering of the eye is a common condition in ophthalmological practice. It may be the result of excessive production of tear fluid or obstruction and insufficiency of efferent tear pathways. The differentiation between obstruction and insufficiency of the lacrimal pathways is still clinically questionable. In the diagnostic process it is necessary to perform clinical tests and additio...