The number of business applications operated by enterprises to provide support for the business has increased over the last years. With increasing number of applications and connections between them, also the overall complexity of the application landscape has grown. A main task in managing an application landscape is maintaining quality levels. This article contributes a set of metrics for mea...

Many of the processes behind the decline of farmland birds can be related to modifications in landscape structure (composition and configuration), which can partly be expressed quantitatively with measurable or computable indices, i.e. landscape metrics. This paper aims to identify statistical relationships between the occurrence of birds and the landscape structure. We present a method that co...

Landscape features have been shown to strongly influence dispersal and, consequently, the genetic population structure of organisms. Studies quantifying the effect of landscape features on gene flow of large mammals with high dispersal capabilities are rare and have mainly been focused at large geographical scales. In this study, we assessed the influence of several natural and human-made lands...

Neutral landscape models have many applications in ecology, such as supporting spatially explicit simulations, developing and evaluating indices. However, current approaches provide few options to produce large landscapes with controlled composition fragmentation We introduce flsgen (Fragmented Landscape Generator), a new neutral generator that addresses this limitation by providing high level ...

Current research recognizes that both the spatial and temporal structure of the landscape influence species persistence. Patch models that incorporate the spatial structure of the landscape have been used to investigate static habitat destruction by comparing persistence results within nested landscapes. Other researchers have incorporated temporal structure into their models by making habitat ...

Many agricultural landscapes are characterized by a high degree of heterogeneity and fragmentation. Landscape ecology focuses on the influence of habitat heterogeneity in space and time on ecological processes. Landscape epidemiology aims at applying concepts and approaches originating from landscape ecology to the study of pathogen dynamics at the landscape scale. However, despite the strong i...

Landscape pattern metrics are widely used for predicting habitat and species diversity. However, the relationship between landscape pattern and species diversity is typically measured at a single spatial scale, even though both landscape pattern, and species occurrence and community composition are scale-dependent. While the eff ects of scale on landscape pattern are well documented, the eff ec...

Landscape fragmentation and exotic species invasions are two modern-day forces that have strong and largely irreversible effects on native diversity worldwide. The spatial arrangement of habitat fragments is critical in affecting movement of individuals through a landscape, but little is known about how invasive species respond to landscape configuration relative to native species. This informa...

We construct and analyze a discrete fitness landscape called metabolic adjustment landscape, from sub-networks covered by different productive flux distributions of a metabolic network. The topological structure of this landscape, i.e., the local minima and saddle points, can be compactly represented as a hierarchical structure called barrier tree. The switching from one local optimal flux patt...

One of the pervasive challenges in landscape genetics is detecting gene flow patterns within continuous populations of highly mobile wildlife. Understanding population genetic structure within a continuous population can give insights into social structure, movement across the landscape and contact between populations, which influence ecological interactions, reproductive dynamics or pathogen t...