endonasal endoscopic laser-assisted dacryocystorhinostomy has many advantages over conventional external dacryocystorhinostomy. this technique avoids a cutaneous scar and causes less surgical trauma and bleeding than that seen in conventional lacrimal surgery. a total of 20 endoscopic laser-assisted dacryocystorhinostomy in 16 patients were performed between 1998 and 1999. the procedure was suc...

Single-frequency laser operation near 2 microm has been demonstrated in an all-fiber short-cavity (2-6 cm) distributed feedback laser cavity using both cladding- and core-pump configurations in a newly developed heavily Tm-doped multicomponent silicate glass fiber. Using a single-mode Er-doped fiber laser at 1575 nm as a core-pump source, a 2-cm-long distributed Bragg reflector fiber laser deli...

In this work, we improved the performance of mid-infrared type II InSb/InAs quantum dot (QD) laser diodes by incorporating a lattice-matched p-InAsSbP cladding layer. The resulting devices exhibited emission around 3.1 μm and operated up to 120 K in pulsed mode, which is the highest working temperature for this type of QD laser. The modal gain was estimated to be 2.9 cm per QD layer. A large bl...

A tunable high-power cladding-pumped neodymiumdoped aluminosilicate fiber laser is demonstrated. The maximum power reached was 2.4 W with a slope efficiency of 41% and a threshold pump power of 1.68 W, both with respect to launched pump power, when cladding pumped by two 808-nm diode pump sources at both fiber ends. The dependence of the tuning range on the fiber length is investigated. The tun...

In this paper the existence of discrete cladding modes in single mode fibers is illustrated. This is done by inducing periodically repeated microbends along the fiber axis, whereupon spectral measurements of the additional loss are performed. In order to explain the results of these measurements, it is necessary to apply a microbending theory in which coupling between the guided mode and a numb...

Large-size 0.1 Yb2O3–1.0 Al2O3–98.9 SiO2 (mol%) core glass was prepared by the sol–gel method. Its optical properties were evaluated. Both large mode area double cladding fiber (LMA DCF) with core diameter of 48 μm and large mode area photonic crystal fiber (LMA PCF) with core diameter of 90 μm were prepared from this core glass. Transmission loss at 1200 nm is 0.41 dB/m. Refractive index fluct...

We report the operation of a photopumped blue Znx8Cdy8Mg12x82y8Se/ZnxCdyMg12x2ySe separate confinement heterostructure single quantum well laser grown lattice matched to InP with a relatively thick quaternary quantum well ~;50 Å!. Laser emission at 492 nm in the blue was observed. The lasing linewidth is about 5 nm. Based on the temperature dependency of the threshold pumping intensity, the cha...

Raman fiber laser is an efficient way to expand the spectral coverage of fiber lasers. In recent years, output power of Raman fiber laser has been scaled quickly. There is a great potential in further power scaling, technical innovations, and scientific applications. An integrated ytterbium-Raman fiber amplifier architecture was proposed, which allows power scaling of Raman fiber laser to over ...

introduction: the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of srp assisted by the two clinical treatment methods of diode laser or chlorhexidine gel applications in comparison with srp alone. methods: eight patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis, each with at least three pockets 4–7 mm deep, were selected for this study. over 66 pockets were selected and randomly ...

A tunable negative-tap photonic microwave filter using a cladding-mode coupler together with optical injection locking of large wavelength detuning is demonstrated. Continuous and precise tunability of the filter is realized by physically sliding a pair of bare fibers inside the cladding-mode coupler. Signal inversion for the negative tap is achieved by optical injection locking of a single-mod...