The molecular arrangement and topography of ultrathin ionic liquids (ILs) on a silicon wafer have been studied by AFM and ARXPS, respectively. The results indicate a transition from an "anion-cation" layered (smooth) structure to a "drop-on-layer"/"sponge" (rough) structure when the film gets thicker, which can be attributed to the competition between solid/IL attraction and anion-cation cohesion.

When an electric field is applied to chiral smectic A (SmA) liquid crystals, a tilt is induced in the director of orthogonal SmA liquid crystals (electroclinic effect). The layer shrinkage due to the tilted smectic arrangement is mitigated by local layer deformation. This paper presents detailed measurements of the local layer spacing under the electroclinic effect of the chiral SmA phase in a ...

The growth of a boundary layer at the nozzle wall during laminar vortex ring formation by a nozzle flow generator (piston/cylinder arrangement) is analysed theoretically and numerically and used for modelling the formation of real vortex rings. The predictions of the model are in good agreement with previous experimental and numerical results.

This paper is about two arrangements of hyperplanes. The first — the Shi arrangement — was introduced by Jian-Yi Shi to describe the Kazhdan-Lusztig cells in the affine Weyl group of type A. The second — the Ish arrangement — was recently defined by the first author who used the two arrangements together to give a new interpretation of the q, t-Catalan numbers of Garsia and Haiman. In the prese...

Operational stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is rapidly becoming one the pressing bottlenecks for their upscaling and integration such promising photovoltaic technology. Instability hole transport layer (HTL) has been considered as potential origins short life-time PSCs. In this work, by varying molecular weight (MW) doped poly(triarylamine)(PTAA) HTL, we improved order magnitude char...

By exploiting surface acoustic waves and a coupling layer technique, cells are patterned within a photosensitive hydrogel fiber to mimic physiological cell arrangement in tissues. The aligned cell-polymer matrix is polymerized with short exposure to UV light and the fiber is extracted. These patterned cell fibers are manipulated into simple and complex architectures, demonstrating feasibility f...

The title compound, (C10H21N3)[CuCl4], is composed of one 1-[2-(di-ethyl-aza-nium-yl)eth-yl]-3-methyl-imidazolium dication and a tetra-chlorido-cuprate(II) dianion. The anion adopts a distorted tetra-hedral geometry. Bifurcated interionic N-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds and several C-H⋯Cl contacts are observed, leading to a layer-like arrangement of the components parallel to (100).

graphite oxide constitutes carbon network with oxygen atoms both on hexagonal arrangement and the edge sites. structural and electronic properties for graphite-oxygen complexes have been explored using first-principles total-energy calculations within the local density approximation (lda). band structures and density of states for the propose carbon 3d models are reported. a finite energy gap and...