The tiny vascular axis of the embryo emerges post-embryonically as an elaborate and critical infrastructure, pervading the entire plant system. Its expansive nature is especially impressive in trees, where growth and development continue for extended periods. While the shoot apical meristem (SAM) orchestrates primary morphogenesis, the vascular system is mapped out in its wake in the provascula...

7 January 2014 E has been one of the core missions of the anesthesiology specialty and of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) since the early days of postgraduate medical education. From the first public demonstration of the use of ether,1 the specialty has been at the forefront of education with innovation such as simulation-based training. During this time, continuing medical educ...

Abstract Lifelines, such as pipelines, roads, and tunnels, are critical infrastructure when crossing active tectonic faults, a reliable estimation of the fault displacement in case an earthquake is required. The first simplest approach to use empirical scaling relations compute design displacement, but this may result unknown level safety. Thus, probabilistic hazard analysis (PFDHA) appropriate...