the hydrophobic proteins of plant plasma membrane still remain largely unknown.  for example in the arabidopsis genome, receptor-like kinases (rlks) are plasma membrane proteins, functioning as the primary receptors in the signaling of stress conditions, hormones and the presence of pathogens form a diverse family of over 610 genes. a limited number of these proteins have appeard in protein pro...

Cupin superfamily of proteins, including germin and germin-like proteins (GLPs) from higher plants, is known to play crucial roles in plant development and defense. To date, no systematic analysis has been conducted in soybean (Glycine max) incorporating genome organization, gene structure, expression compendium. In this study, 69 putative Cupin genes were identified from the whole-genome of so...

The IgE of sera from patients with a history of allergy to oranges (Citrus sinensis) binds a number of proteins in orange extract, including Cit s 1, a germin-like protein. In the present study, we have analyzed its immunological cross-reactivity and its molecular nature. Sera from many of the patients examined recognize a range of glycoproteins and neoglycoconjugates containing beta1,2-xylose ...

background and aims: virus-like particles (vlps) have been suggested to be a promising recombinant vaccine approach. several studies have reported that the influenza vlps produced in insect cells is an effective vaccine candidate. due to crucial role of matrix m1 protein in assembly and budding of influenza particles, in all vlps structures, m1 protein have been considered as a main component. ...

To estimate the physiological roles of a germin-like protein (BuGLP) with Mn-SOD activity isolated newly from a moss, Barbula unguiculata, BuGLP mRNA levels during cell growth and the effects of methyl viologen and salt stress were studied. BuGLP mRNA levels were at their peak during the exponential phase of growth and decreased thereafter, but SOD activity was held at the same level as that du...

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is the world most productive sugar producing crop, making an understanding of its stress physiology key to increasing both sugar and ethanol production. To understand the behavior and salt tolerance mechanisms of sugarcane, two cultivars commonly used in Brazilian agriculture, RB867515 and RB855536, were submitted to salt stress for 48 days. Physiological parameters i...

Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato is a serious pathogen causing root and stem rot to conifers in the northern hemisphere and rendering the timber defective for sawing and pulping. In this study we applied next-generation sequencing to i) identify transcriptional responses unique to Heterobasidion-inoculated Norway spruce and ii) investigate the H. annosum transcripts to identify putative virule...