Some present and possibly future waste disposal methods involving substantial immediate volume reduction of waste processed. 'This paper discusses data on solid waste disposal methods used in the plastics industry as obtained in a recent questionnaire survey of the polymer produc­ tion and plastics fabrication sections of this industry. Regional facilities for collective'inCineration are descri...

Pyrolysis of high impact polystyrene (HIPS) waste has been investigated under different process parameters, such as temperature, heating rate and types of zeolitic catalysts to produce valuable liquid products. Liquid, gas and coke as products of pyrolysis and aromatic, naphthene, olefin and paraffin as liquid components were obtained and their molecular weight distributions were studied with c...

Wind turbine blades are easily struck by lightning, a phenomenon that has attracted more and more attention in recent years. On this subject a large current experiment was conducted on three typical blade sandwich structures to simulate the natural lightning-induced arc effects. The resulting damage to different composite materials has been compared: polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyethylene te...

Rubber wood (Ficus elastica) is one the biomass waste that can be used as raw material for a gasification process and has a calorific value of 4,069 cal/gram. Gasification is a process to convert a solid fuel to syngas (CO, CH4, and H2) through a combustion process using limited air between 20% to 40% of air stoichiometry. Depending on the direction of airflow, the gasifiers are classified as u...

Biomass is the oldest form of energy used by human beings, mainly in the form of wood. It is a renewable source of energy and has many advantages from an ecological point of view. The direct combustion of biomass generates concern among environmentalists, as it is incomplete and inconsistent and may produce organic particulate matter, carbon monoxide and other organic gases. Biomass gasificatio...

The NASA objective of expanding the human experience into the far reaches of space will require the development of regenerable life support systems. A key element of these systems is a means for solid waste resource recovery. The objective of this work was to demonstrate the feasibility of pyrolysis processing as a method for the conversion of solid waste materials in a Controlled Ecological Li...

Two wastes from the tyre recycling industry -the fibres used as reinforcing material and tyre crumbswere pyrolyzed in two ovens of different configuration. Blends with a low rank coal and a bituminous waste were also prepared to modify the composition of the oils obtained from the pyrolysis of the tyre wastes. Elemental analysis, calorific value, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) a...

In this study, heat treatment was carried out in a relatively low temperature (230 ̊C). Mass loss kinetics was studied using equipment, specially conceived to measure sample’s mass during the thermal treatment. Laboratory experiments were performed for heating rates of 1 ̊C min-1. Mathematical model for kinetics of pyrolysis process was used and validated. During the pyrolysis of dry wood samples...

Fast pyrolysis of poplar wood followed with catalytic cracking of the pyrolysis vapors was performed using analytical pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). The catalysts applied in this study were nano MgO, CaO, TiO2, Fe2O3, NiO and ZnO. These catalysts displayed different catalytic capabilities towards the pyrolytic products. The catalysis by CaO significantly reduced the ...

Biomass pyrolysis with biochar returned to soil is a possible strategy for climate change mitigation and reducing fossil fuel consumption. Pyrolysis with biochar applied to soils results in four coproducts: long-term carbon (C) sequestration from stable C in the biochar, renewable energy generation, biochar as a soil amendment, and biomass waste management. Life cycle assessment was used to est...