The last few decades new trends in the design of pedestrian bridges have resulted lighter and more slender structures. This leads to a reduction natural frequencies increased flexibility, thus greater possibility for structures become exposed excessive vibrations caused by pedestrians. lager amplitudes occur if pace frequency excitation load approaches one footbridge. vibration high proportions...

The principle of load balancing is examined for dynamic resource allocation subject to certain constraints The emphasis is on the performance of simple allocation strategies which can be implemented on line Either nite capacity constraints on resources or migration of load can be incorporated into the setup The load balancing problem is formulated as a stochastic optimal control problem Variant...

in this study, an extended stress-based forming limit diagram (fld) for prediction of necking based on the marciniak and kucznski (m-k) model is represented and applied in tube hydroforming. the bulge forming of a straight tube is simulated by finite element method and verified with published experimental data. this adaptive simulation technique is based on the ability to detect the onset and g...