Fetal rat brain cell suspensions prepared from either the locus coeruleus region or hippocampus were implanted bilaterally into the subcortically denervated seizure-prone hippocampus of adult rats. Animals with locus coeruleus grafts were protected against picrotoxin-induced behavioral seizures and had significantly fewer interictal spikes. In contrast, in rats with fetal hippocampal grafts the...

Introduction: Estradiol is a neuroactive steroid, which is found in several brain areas such as locus coeruleus (LC). Estradiol modulates nociception by binding to its receptors and also by allosteric interaction with other membranebound receptors like glutamate and GABAA receptors. LC is involved in noradrenergic descending pain modulation. Methods: In order to study the effect of 17β-estra...

Acute renal failure (ARF) is mainly characterized by acute tubular necrosis. No significant change was found for mortality rates over the past few decades despite significant advances in supportive care. In recent years, great effort has been focused on traditional and herbal medicine, which is much less toxic than those agents conventionally used and which is nowadays considered as a novel the...

The ability to adaptively shift between exploration and exploitation control states is critical for optimizing behavioral performance. Converging evidence from primate electrophysiology and computational neural modeling has suggested that this ability may be mediated by the broad norepinephrine projections emanating from the locus coeruleus (LC) [Aston-Jones, G., & Cohen, J. D. An integrative t...

nuclei of the brainstem. In this theory, she attributes to the dorsal noradrenergic (locus coeruleus) system a role in processing exteroceptive cues; that is, enabling the animal to respond to significant environmental information. Alternatively, in this theory, the ventral system (non-locus coeruleus), which provides significant noradrenergic input to the hypothalamus, plays an interoceptive r...