ad hoc networks are multi-hop wireless networks without a pre-installed infrastructure. such networks are widely used in military applications and in emergency situations as they permit the establishment of a communication network at very short notice with a very low cost. video is very sensitive for packet loss and wireless ad-hoc networks are error prone due to node mobility and weak links. h...

This paper is a detailed study of the energy and carbon footprint of the ICT (Information and Communication Technology) and E&M (Entertainment and Media) sectors in Sweden both historically, currently (2015) and beyond. It is a follow up to a study of ICT in Sweden 2010. Several studies predict that the ICT and E&M sectors will continue to increase their energy and carbon footprints, and in the...

As the human population increases and production expands, energy demand and anthropogenic carbon emission rates have been growing rapidly, and the need to decrease carbon emission levels has drawn increasing attention. The link between energy production and consumption has required the large-scale transport of energy within energy transmission networks. Within this energy flow, there is a virtu...

The possibility of producing bainite at low temperatures by suppressing transformation using substitutional solutes has been investigated, as an alternative to using large carbon concentrations to achieve the same purpose. It is found that although transformation temperatures can indeed be suppressed in this way, the difference between the bainite and martensite start temperatures diminishes. T...

Sustainability and the UK cement industry Traditional Portland cement-based concrete provides the foundation for the built environment. Buildings constructed appropriately and imaginatively from this material can and do exhibit an impressive array of properties [1] especially those that have been designed to optimise the thermal mass of concrete [2]. This type of concrete building is expected t...

Detecting ships in marine images is an essential problem in maritime surveillance systems. Although several types of deep neural networks have almost ubiquitously used for this purpose, but the performance of such networks greatly drops when they are exposed to low size and low contrast images which have been captured by passive monitoring systems. On the other hand factors such as sea waves, c...

We consider a grid network where nodes contain small buffers. A packet that faces a crowded buffer in its route will get extra latency and may be dropped. In this paper, we propose a novel flow control protocol called RFCC for grid networks. RFCC tries to reroute delayed packets and utilizes network coding to introduce a configurable amount of redundant information in the network, thereby incre...

Ecosystem of arid and semiarid regions of the world, much of the country lies in the sensitive and fragile environment Canvases are that factors in the extinction and destruction are easily destroyed in this paper, artificial neural networks (ANNs) are introduced to obtain improved regional low-flow estimates at ungauged sites. A multilayer perceptron (MLP) network is used to identify the funct...

0