AIM To demonstrate the effects of combined inhaled nitric oxide and surfactant replacement as treatment for acute respiratory distress syndrome. This treatment has not previously been documented for reperfusion injury after double lung transplantation. METHOD A 24-year-old female with cystic fibrosis underwent double lung transplantation. During implantation of the second lung a marked increa...

Neuregulin is an important growth factor in fetal surfactant synthesis, and downregulation of its receptor, ErbB4, impairs fetal surfactant synthesis. We hypothesized that pulmonary ErbB4 deletion will affect the developing lung leading to an abnormal postnatal lung function. ErbB4-deleted lungs of 11- to 14-wk-old adult HER4heart mice, rescued from their lethal cardiac defects, were studied fo...

OBJECTIVE This study was designed to compare the effect of lung preservation with low-potassium dextran solution and Euro-Collins solution on reperfusion injury and surfactant function by using an in situ model of warm ischemia. METHODS The left lungs of 6 minipigs were selectively perfused with Euro-Collins solution. In an additional 6 animals low-potassium dextran solution was used for flus...

Mechanical ventilation may lead to an impairment of the endogenous surfactant system, which is one of the mechanisms by which this intervention contributes to the progression of acute lung injury. The most extensively studied mechanism of surfactant dysfunction is serum protein inhibition. However, recent studies indicate that hydrophobic components of surfactant may also contribute. It was hyp...

The methods of nonbronchoscopic lung lavage used for collection of samples of epithelial lining fluid (ELF) in intubated patients are poorly standardized and incompletely validated. In infants with lung disease requiring ventilatory support, we evaluated two techniques of small volume saline lavage for the collection of a specimen suitable for pulmonary surfactant analysis. We aimed to compare ...

Two common lung-related complications in the neonate are respiratory distress syndrome, which is associated with a failure to generate low surface tension at the air-liquid interface because of pulmonary surfactant insufficiency, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung injury with reduced alveolarization. Surfactant phosphatidylcholine (PC) molecular species composition during alve...

Objective(s): Pulmonary contusion (PC) is a clinical entity that often accompanies blunt traumas. We aimed to investigate the radiological and histopathological effects of surfactant treatment in an experimental rat model in which lung contusion was formed by blunt thoracic trauma.Materials and Methods: 50 female Sprague-Dawley rats were...

Surfactant is an agent that decreases the surface tension between two media. The surface tension between gaseous-aqueous interphase in the lungs is decreased by the presence of a thin layer of fluid known as pulmonary surfactant. The pulmonary surfactant is produced by the alveolar type-II (AT-II) cells of the lungs. It is essential for efficient exchange of gases and for maintaining the struct...

Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease is primarily a disease of the small airways. We hypothesized that even in patients with normal lung function, a reduced surfactant function would be present and favor small airway obstruction. Bronchoalveolar lavages from 76 patients with CF (5-31 years, median 11) with well-conserved lung function (FEV1 94% predicted, range 78-121) and from 10 healthy control ...

Surfactant protein B (SP-B) is an essential component of pulmonary surfactant. Synthetic dimeric SP-B(1-25) (SP-B(1-25)), a peptide based on the N-terminal domain of human SP-B, efficiently mimics the functional properties of SP-B. The authors investigated the optimum lipid composition for SP-B(1-25) by comparing the effects of natural lung lavage lipids (NLL), a synthetic equivalent of NLL (sy...