Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus is an under-recognized pathogen and zoonotic agent causing opportunistic infections in humans. Despite increasing recognition of this subspecies as a cause for human infectious diseases, limited information is known about its antibiotic resistance mechanism. In this study, we aim to identify the molecular mechanism underlying the high macrolide res...

Nys, like all polyenes, consists of two different chemical structures, namely a macrolide ring and an amino sugar. The amino sugar, a mycosamine (3-amino-3,6-dideoxy-D-mannose) is glycosidically attached to the macrolide ring. The macrolide ring consists of carbon atoms and is closed by the formation of an internal ester or a lactone. The macrolide ring is a stable rod-shaped structure with a h...

The erm(41) gene confers inducible macrolide resistance in Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. abscessus, calling into question the usefulness of macrolides for treating M. abscessus subsp. abscessus infections. With an extended incubation (14 days), isolates with MICs of ≥8 μg/ml are considered macrolide resistant by current CLSI guidelines. Our goals were to determine the incidence of macrolide su...

BACKGROUND Although the prevalence of macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae isolates in Japanese pediatric patients has increased rapidly, there have been no reports concerning macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae infection in adolescents aged 16 to 19 years old. The purpose of this study was to clarify the prevalence and clinical characteristics of macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae in adolesc...

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is recognized as the leading cause of community-acquired lower respiratory tract infection in children, accounting for a significant proportion pediatric mortality. Macrolides are first-line treatment M. infections. However, extensive use macrolides clinical practice resulted emergence macrolide-resistant (MRMP), which has negative impact on outcomes. Hence, present study,...

Macrolide antibiotics such as erythromycin are clinically important polyketide natural products. We have engineered a recombinant strain of Escherichia coli that produces small but measurable quantities of the bioactive macrolide 6-deoxyerythromycin D. Bioassay-guided evolution of this strain led to the identification of an antibiotic-overproducing mutation in the mycarose biosynthesis and tran...

In this study, a multiplex rapid cycle PCR with microwell-format probe hybridization method was developed to perform high-volume screening for macrolide resistance determinants in isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes. The method was then utilized to determine the distribution of macrolide resistance mechanisms in recent isolates of S. pneumoniae and S. pyogenes from G...

BACKGROUND A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of macrolide therapy in adults and children with bronchiectasis. METHODS We searched the PUBMED, EMBASE, CENTRAL databases to identify relevant studies. Two reviewers evaluated the studies and extracted data independently. The primary outcome was the number of bronchiectasis exacerbations. Secon...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate macrolides as an adjunct to an asthma controller regimen in children with asthma. METHODS Prospective clinical trials of macrolide therapy in children with asthma using outcome measures of change in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV(1)) and/or oral corticosteroid requirement were searched for in PubMed up to December 2009. The ...