Migration patterns in pre-European contact Mexico were complex. Studies using dental morphological data have successfully detected microevolutionary patterns of biological affinity between local populations in other areas of the world. We compare Classic and Postclassic dental samples from four cultural groups from adjacent regions in Mexico to illuminate local population differences among the ...

in this paper, by using of frobenius theorem a relation between lie subalgebras of the lie algebra of a top space t and lie subgroups of t(as a lie group) is determined. as a result we can consider these spaces by their lie algebras. we show that a top space with the finite number of identity elements is a c^{∞} principal fiber bundle, by this method we can characterize top spaces.

if we consider some special conditions, we can assume fundamental group of a topological space as a new topological space. in this paper, we will present a number of theorems in topological fundamental group related to semilocally simply connected property for a topological space.

We present a technique for combining prior knowledge about transformations that should be ignored with a covariance matrix estimated from training data to make an improved Mahalanobis distance classifier. Modern classification problems often involve objects represented by high-dimensional vectors or images (for example, sampled speech or human faces). The complex statistical structure of these ...

Systematic departures from a reference sampling scheme, such as multivariate normality, can affect all the observed ordered Mahalanobis distances (OMDs) – not just a few extreme values – causing distinctive changes to their overall pattern. Envelope OMD plots provide a useful framework against which to ‘read’ such changes, often suggestive of further, confirmatory analyses. Illustrative example...

This article investigates a new method of motion estimation based on block matching criterion through the modeling of image blocks by a mixture of two and three Gaussian distributions. Mixture parameters (weights, means vectors, and covariance matrices) are estimated by the Expectation Maximization algorithm (EM) which maximizes the log-likelihood criterion. The similarity between a block in th...

objective: to investigate the application of quality function deployment (qfd) in the central library reference service quality science.methodology / approach: this study was a descriptive survey research and application. research instrument, libqual questionnaire and interview. the three-stage qfd model and the concentration of 7-seater model were used to determine the correlation matrix. the ...

In extending univariate outlier detection methods to higher dimension, various issues arise: limited visualization methods, inadequacy of marginal methods, lack of a natural order, limited parametric modeling, and, when using Mahalanobis distance, restriction to ellipsoidal contours. To address and overcome such limitations, we introduce nonparametric multivariate outlier identifiers based on m...

The clearance between the main roller and cylinder cam has an important impact on operational status of bolt. In order to achieve recoil mechanism, a bolt model was built studied. leading dynamic group were analyzed. Positive stress friction force change quickly high-speed group, influencing multiple aspects. When suddenly rotates or reverses in several short intervals, assembling massive curve...

It is well known that the direct-space asymmetric unit definitions found in the International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A, are inexact at the borders. Face- and edge-specific sub-conditions have to be added to remove parts redundant under symmetry. This paper introduces a concise geometric notation for asymmetric unit conditions. The notation is the foundation for a reference table of ...