Arc ablation holds the promise of fast, low-cost metal removal at faster rates than laser, plasma and electron-beam methods and without the tooling and fixturing forces of conventional machining. Preliminary results show surface finishes in the tens of microns range at high material removal rates (MRRs) by adaptive control of arc voltage: up to 97 mm3/sec at 4 kW. These results far exceed the c...

An analytic model of the material removal rate is proposed for chemical mechanical planarization ~CMP!. The effects of the applied pressure and the polishing velocity between the wafer surface and the pad surface are derived considering the chemical reaction as well as the mechanical bear-and-shear process. The mechanism of microscopic material removal is presented. The material removal rate is...

Normal albino rats were placed on a standardized vitamin A-deficient diet. The rate of rod outer segment renewal and removal was determined at varying levels of vitamin A deficiency by autoradiography. Increasing vitamin A deficiency causes a decreasing rate of photoreceptor outer segment renewal. The removal of rod outer segment material by the pigment epithelium normally takes ten days. The l...

In this paper, an approach to simulate dishing in chemical mechanical polishing of inlaid copper structures is proposed. The simulation proposed in this study requires preliminary experiments to determine the material removal rate for both copper and silicon dioxide. With established material removal models, the instantaneous material removal rate at each location on the wafer can be estimated,...

in this study; utilizing the elastic matrix ball has higher processing efficiency and better superficial quality than traditionalgrinding. the diversity of elastic abrasive tool characteristics contact with bend surface results in irregular wear abrasion，and abrasive tool machining status gets complicated. there is no theoretical interpretation of parameters affecting the grinding accuracy. bec...