lysozyme is considered as part of the innate immune system. it has stimulated considerable interest as a natural food preservative. lysozyme has been shown to be effective in preserving a variety of foods such as fresh fruits and vegetables, meats, seafood and wine, for which many japanese patents have been granted. the relatively high thermal stability of lysozyme also makes it attractive for ...

background and objective: there is a concern on safety of human fresh frozen plasma (ffp) as it is a source of some medicinal products. the possibility of transmission of blood-borne are reported often due to emerging viruses. there are some pathogen reduction technologies (prt) to inactivate viruses. methylene blue (mb) based method is one of them. the aim of this study was to examine new desi...

background: nitric oxide synthase (nos) activity is increased during hypertension and cerebral ischemia. nos inactivation reduces stroke-induced cerebral injuries, but little is known about its role in blood-brain barrier (bbb) disruption and cerebral edema formation during stroke in acute hypertension. here, we investigated the role of nos inhibition in progression of edema formation and bbb d...

The third X-inactivation meeting 'Fifty years of X-inactivation research', which celebrated the fiftieth anniversary of Mary Lyon's formulation of the X-inactivation hypothesis, was an EMBO workshop held in Oxford, UK, in July 2011. This conference brought together the usual suspects from the field, as well as younger researchers, to discuss recent advances in X-inactivation research. Here, we ...

Background: Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity is increased during hypertension and cerebral ischemia. NOS inactivation reduces stroke-induced cerebral injuries, but little is known about its role in blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and cerebral edema formation during stroke in acute hypertension. Here, we investigated the role of NOS inhibition in progression of edema formation and BBB d...

The goal of this study was to determine the effects of the L-type calcium channel blockers verapamil and diltiazem on the currents of voltage-gated potassium channel (fKv1.4ΔN), an N-terminal-deleted mutant of the ferret Kv1.4 potassium channel. Measurements were made using a two electrode voltage clamp technique with channels expressed stably in Xenopus oocytes. The fKv1.4ΔN currents displayed...

Complete inactivation of the PTEN tumor suppressor gene is extremely common in advanced cancer, including prostate cancer (CaP). However, one PTEN allele is already lost in the vast majority of CaPs at presentation. To determine the consequence of PTEN dose variations on cancer progression, we have generated by homologous recombination a hypomorphic Pten mouse mutant series with decreasing Pten...

Reusing greywater (GW) can lower domestic water consumption. However, the GW must be treated and disinfected for securing user health. This research studied at laboratory scale, in flow-through setups, which are generally used full-scale treatment disinfection efficiency of two commonly technologies (a) chlorination (b) low-pressure UV irradiation. The methods were under a found range total sus...

Agents of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (prion) are known to be extremely resistant to physicochemical inactivation procedures such as heat, radiation, chemical disinfectants such as detergents, alcohols, glutaraldehyde, formalin, and so on. Because of its remarkable resistance, it is difficult to inactivate prion. Chemical inactivation seems to be a practical method because it is app...

UV light irradiation is being increasingly applied as a primary process for water disinfection, effectively used for inactivation of suspended (planktonic) cells. In this study, the use of UV irradiation was evaluated as a pretreatment strategy to control biofouling. The objective of this research was to elucidate the relative effectiveness of various targeted UV wavelengths and a polychromatic...