Thymolipomas are rare slow-growing mediastinal thymic neoplasms. Most cases are asymptomatic and are sometimes discovered as a huge mass on chest x-ray films. A few cases have been discovered during examinations for other diseases. We report the second case of thymolipoma combined with hyperthyroidism in the English language literature. Neurological symptoms suddenly appeared in a 45-year-old w...

Benign esophageal lesions include a wide variety of rare neoplasms, polyps, and cysts. In general, these lesions are asymptomatic and have little clinical importance. However, on occasion these lesions become symptomatic due to esophageal obstruction, airway obstruction, or compression of mediastinal structures. In these cases, as well as cases when it is unclear if the lesion is malignant or b...

Introduction. ?Grey zone Lymphoma?? is associated with various entities. The last published classification of lymphoproliferative neoplasms includes mediastinal grey lymphoma. Precise diagnostic criteria are insufficient and establishing a diagnosis as complex deciding on treatment options. In this article pathologist hematologist discuss issues topic through case presentation literature review...

Chylopericardium is a rare disease entity characterized by the accumulation of chylous fluid in the pericardial sac. It usually arises from mediastinal neoplasms, thrombosis of the subclavian vein, tuberculosis, nonsurgical trauma, thoracic or cardiac surgery. The spectrum of symptoms for chylopericardium varies from an incidental finding of cardiomegaly to dyspnea, upper abdominal discomfort, ...

Mesenchymal soft tissue masses are uncommon tumours of the chest. Myofibroblastoma is a recently described entity consisting of cells with origin from the myoepethelial cell, mostly seen as benign well-circumscribed neoplasms of the breast tissue. Though usually classified as a benign lesion, rarely it can be multifocal and prone to recurrence. We describe below the case of a 26-year-old female...

Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is an extremely rare malignancy, 0.005% of all tumours and between 0.5% and 5% of all parathyroid neoplasms. Preoperative diagnosis is often difficult and is almost always obtained only after post-surgical histopathology. The prognosis is related to the local extent of disease and to complete surgical resection of the tumour. We report an uncommon case of hyperfunctio...

Aggressive primary mediastinal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) represent a particular entity among intrathoracic neoplasms. Twenty-nine patients with primary mediastinal aggressive NHL diagnosed and treated in the author's institution were studied. According to the Revised European-American Lymphoma (REAL) classification, there were 15 diffuse large B-cell, eight T-lymphoblastic, four anaplastic,...

Mediastinal tumor in a pregnant woman, which had needed a multidisciplinary approach, was further complicated by tuberculosis. The clinical course of the current patient was very complicated. A 37-year-old female at 18 weeks of gestation with a mediastinal tumor was referred to our hospital due to dyspnea and orthopnea. The tumor compressed the left main bronchus causing bronchial stenosis. She...

Germ cell tumors are rare neoplasms that mostly occur in the gonads, although they can also affect other body sites, especially the anterior mediastinum (50 to 70% of all extragonadal germ cell tumors). We report a case of a primary mediastinal yolk sac tumor, a rare and aggressive germ cell tumors subtype. This was a 38-year-old man who was admitted to Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual "Fr...

BACKGROUND Germ cell tumors (GCTs) in children are rare neoplasms with diverse pathological findings according to the site and age of presentation. The most common symptoms in children with mediastinal GCTs, which are nonspecific, are dyspnea, chest pain, cough, hemoptysis, vena cava occlusion syndrome, and fatigue/weakness. Because of these nonspecific symptoms, it is difficult to suspect a me...