If a theory of concept composition aspires to psychological plausibility, it may first need to address several preliminary issues associated with naturally occurring human concepts: content variability, multiple representational forms, and pragmatic constraints. Not only do these issues constitute a significant challenge for explaining individual concepts, they pose an even more formidable chal...

OBJECTIVES To verify the initial results of a new anterograde replacement method of the second-generation indwelling Provox voice prosthesis, Provox 2 (Atos Medical AB, Hörby, Sweden), and to determine its device life. DESIGN Nonrandomized, multi-institutional, controlled clinical trial. SETTING Four academic hospitals and/or comprehensive cancer centers in The Netherlands. PATIENTS Two h...

Categorization—dividing the world into groups of things—is one of the core mechanisms behind many cognitive abilities. Categorization en ables people to cope with the otherwise overwhelming complexity of objects and situations by reducing information. It also allows people to generate predictions by generalizing what they already know to novel situations. For example, if you meet, say, a new do...

Conventional wisdom and previous research suggest that similarity judgments and difference judgments are inverses of one another. An exception to this rule arises when both relational similarity and attributional similarity are considered . When presented with choices that are relationally or attributionally similar to a standard, human subjects tend to pick the relationally similar choice as m...

No known surgical implant material has ever been shown to be completely free of adverse reactions in the human body. However, long-time clinical experience of use of the biomaterials has shown that an acceptable level of biological response can be expected, when the material is used in appropriate applications. This article deals with very specific wear resistance testing of biomaterials used f...

The research was aimed at referring to contemporary problems concerning fractures of the proximal femur that, particularly in older patients, represent not only medical, but also social and nursing difficulties. Within November 2004 to March 2006, 83 patients with proximal femoral fractures were treated using PFN. Except for two cases, the post-operative course was favourable and patients could...

People can infer unknown features of a stimulus by retrieving memories of similar examples. It is proposed that we can reason from chains of examples. For example, stimulus A may remind us of B, which reminds us of C. Information about C may then affect reasoning about A. A mathematical model for categorization (extended from the context model of Medin & Schaffer, 1978), using multiple-step cha...