We demonstrate here a rapid alternative method for the production of functional bi-specific antibodies using the mild reducing agent 2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acid sodium salt (MESNA). Following reduction of a mixture of two monoclonal antibodies with MESNA to break inter heavy chain bonds, this solution is dialysed under oxidising conditions and antibodies are allowed to reform. During this rea...

PURPOSE Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC or bladder inflammation) affects a significant number of patients undergoing cyclophosphamide (CP) chemotherapy despite treatment with 2-mercaptoethane sulfonate (Mesna) to inactivate the metabolite acrolein. While the mechanism is unknown, there is clearly acrolein-independent damage to the urothelium. In this study we have explored the induction of apoptosis i...

The administration of intensive chemotherapy according to a rigid schedule improves response rates and duration of response. However, dose-limiting toxicities and resulting delays in therapy often interfere with therapy intensification. In recent years, cytoprotective agents have been developed that can protect normal cells, but not tumor cells, from chemotherapeutic or radiation damage. Amifos...

all clinical diagnostic laboratories in the US failed to recognize these falsepositive ketone reactions in survey specimens (10 ). It is also relevant to mention that above-therapeutic concentrations of mesna, which carry a high reducing capacity, did not cause interference in two Chemstrip 10UA tests that are based on oxidation reactions (glucose by glucose oxidase/peroxidase and hemoglobin wi...