Chemical etching of silicon assisted by various types carbon materials is drawing much attention for the fabrication micro/nanostructures. We developed a method chemical that utilizes graphene oxide (GO) sheets to promote reaction in hydrofluoric acid–nitric acid (HF–HNO3) etchant. By using an optimized composition HF–HNO3 etchant, rate under GO was 100 times faster than our HF–H2O2 system used...

The presentation is to results recently obtained in collaborative research in the European steel programme performed by Fraunhofer-IZFP and co-operative steel industry producing rolling products. The objective was and is to characterize i.e. to predict mechanical properties like hardness, yield strength, tensile strength, deep drawing parameters rm and ∆r, etc., mainly online by use of contact-...

Tubular structures built from amphiphilic molecules are of interest for nano-sensing, drug delivery, and structuring of oils. In this study, we characterized the tubules built in aqueous suspensions of a cholesteryl nucleoside conjugate, cholesterylaminouridine (CholAU) and phosphatidylcholines (PCs). In mixtures with unsaturated PCs having chain lengths comparable to the length of CholAU, two ...

Despite growing evidence that many US households are liquidity constrained, there remains little consensus on the quantitative importance or nature of these constraints. This paper develops a new type of evidence on the impacts of consumer credit markets on behavior by examining household-level responses to an exogenous liquidity shock. A United States Supreme Court decision effectively deregul...