The appearance and expansion of donor white blood cells in a recipient after transfusion has many potential biologic ramifications. Although patients with HIV infection are ostensibly at high risk for microchimerism, transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GVHD) is rare. The purpose of this study was to search for sustained microchimerism in such patients. Blood samples were collec...

Donor lymphocyte infusion is an alternative treatment for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs) but with risk of graft-versus-host diseases (GVHDs). According to the fetal-maternal microchimerism tolerance, we assumed that maternal lymphocyte infusion may be effective without causing GVHD. In 54 cases when a child required cytotherapy or hematopoietic stem cel...

The persistence of donor cells in recipient circulation and peripheral tissues post-transplantation has been demonstrated in solid organ allotransplantation and xenotransplantation models. Although this state of microchimerism has been postulated as the basis for graft acceptance, chimerism has not been directly linked to the maintenance of peripheral tolerance or prevention of rejection. Studi...

he advent of molecular biology techniques has led to the recognition that cells travel in both directions between mother and fetus. Fetal stem cells traverse the placenta and may persist in the maternal circulation for decades. Similarly, maternal cells may pass into the fetal circulation and persist into adult life. 1 The persistence of genetically different cells in the same person has been c...

PASSENGER leukocytes, normal constituents of whole organs, migrate after transplantation and produce microchimerism. which is suggested to be essential for sustained survival of allografts. I Canines have been widely used as a more clinically relevant outbred large animal transplantation model. rather than inbred rodent, and provided important information to directly improve the results of clin...

Maternal-fetal cellular trafficking (MFCT) is a well described phenomenon during pregnancy in which maternal cells migrate into the fetus and fetal cells migrate into the mother [1–5]. The specific mechanisms leading to such trafficking and its lifelong consequences have fascinated scientists for decades and are still actively being investigated. For example, several groups have demonstrated an...

Recent evidence suggests that the leukocytes (including stem cells) contained in organs migrate after transplantation and produce persistent chimerism, which is essential for sustained survival of the allografts (1, 2). With this information, we proposed as an encompassing principle that success after either clinical bone marrow or organ transplantation "(whether described as) tolerance or graf...