Broken Ridge represents a fragment of the oceanic Kerguelen-Heard platform, constructed at high southern latitudes in the middle Cretaceous and rifted apart during the middle Eocene (43-45 Ma). The approximately 1400-m section of prerift sediments on Broken Ridge preserves a polarity sequence that spans the middle Eocene to Upper Cretaceous (Chrons Cl 8/C20 to C34), including a 500-m continuous...

Eocetus was first described in 1904, based on a single skull placed in the species Eocetus schweinfurthi Fraas, 1904. The holotype specimen of E. schweinurthi was recovered from Gebel Mokattam near Cairo, Egypt. An additional species of Eocetus, E. wardii Uhen, 1999, was described from North Carolina, documenting the first genus of protocetid known from both sides of the North Atlantic Ocean (U...

A study of the paleoenvironmental evolution middle Eocene platforms recognized in westernmost Tethys has been carried out well-exposed succession from Sierra Espuña-Mula basin (Betic Cordillera, S Spain). Eight microfacies (Mf1 to Mf8) have recognized, based mainly on fossil assemblages (principally larger benthic foraminifera), and rock texture fabric. The fossiliferous assemblage can be assig...

Nannoplankton studies of the Transylvanian Turnu Roșu section, based on presence Reticulofenestra umbilicus, R. bisecta, lockeri, Helicosphaera compacta and Sphenolithus spiniger refer to Bartonian (middle Eocene) age. Th e brachiopod assemblage contains four species. is dominated by Gryphus kickxii, one most common species European Eocene. other three taxa are very rare (1–1 specimen). Terebra...

An isolated partial right dentary (BAS D.515.2) collected by the British Antarctic Survey prompted a re-evaluation of gadiform remains from the La Meseta Formation (conventionally middle Eocene) of Isla Marambio (Seymour Island), Antarctic Peninsula. Modern gadiforms (hakes and cods) range from the Arctic to Antarctic, inhabiting deep sea benthic, shore, estuarine, and freshwater environments. ...

According to the most recent discoveries from the Middle Eocene of Myanmar and China, anthropoid primates originated in Asia rather than in Africa, as was previously considered. But the Asian Palaeogene anthropoid community remains poorly known and inadequately sampled, being represented only from China, Myanmar, Pakistan and Thailand. Asian Eocene anthropoids can be divided into two distinct g...

Geochemical and modeling studies suggest that the transition from the "greenhouse" state of the Late Eocene to the "icehouse" conditions of the Oligocene 34-33.5 Ma was triggered by a reduction of atmospheric pCO2 that enabled the rapid buildup of a permanent ice sheet on the Antarctic continent. Marine records show that the drop in pCO2 during this interval was accompanied by a significant dec...

The origins of South America's exceptional plant diversity are poorly known from the fossil record. We report on unbiased quantitative collections of fossil floras from Laguna del Hunco (LH) and Río Pichileufú (RP) in Patagonia, Argentina. These sites represent a frost-free humid biome in South American middle latitudes of the globally warm Eocene. At LH, from 4,303 identified specimens, we rec...

This paper describes the foraminiferal associations along with presentation of three new agglutinated conical species to construction biozonation framework in Mahallat region central Iran. The stratigraphic distribution benthic foraminifers is used characterize assemblage zones that are ascending order: rotaliids-valvulinids Assemblage Zone, alveolinids-coskinolinids and nummulitids-discocyclin...