UNLABELLED It has been suggested that iron is one of the most important energy sources for photosynthesis-independent microbial ecosystems in the ocean crust. Iron-metabolizing chemolithoautotrophs play a key role as primary producers, but little is known about their distribution and diversity and their ecological role as submarine iron-metabolizing chemolithotrophs, particularly the iron oxidi...

Combined laboratory and field research examining the possible alterations caused by herbicide treatments applied to construction materials (schist some granite, bound with mortar) in Roman wall of Lugo (NW Spain), declared a World Heritage site UNESCO 2000, was performed three separate studies past 20 years. In summers 1998 1999, herbicides glyphosate, sulphosate glufosinate–ammonium, as well p...

The behaviour of 25 major and trace elements, together with mineral changes, has been examined in a deep weathering profile on the Cammenellis granite, Cornwall. The bulk chemical and mineralogical composition of the regolith shows only minor changes from the parent rock indicating a low degree of chemical weathering. However, within the regolith marked differences occur between the fine fracti...

Using high-resolution stacks of precursors to the seismic phase SS, we investigated seismic discontinuities associated with mineralogical phase changes approximately 410 and 660 kilometers (km) deep within Earth beneath South America and the surrounding oceans. Detailed maps of phase boundary topography revealed deep 410- and 660-km discontinuities in the down-dip direction of subduction, incon...

Estimates of elemental and mineralogical abundances from geochemical logs are compared to preliminary chemical and modal analyses from cores in the Cajon Pass Scientific Drillhole. Accuracies of log-computed weight percent oxide and mineralogy determinations range from 10 to 30%.

Introduction: Secondary carbonate minerals produced by low temperature aqueous processes [1] in the martian meteorite ALH 84001 are evidence of an early active hydrosphere on Mars when they were formed ~3.9 Ga ago [2]. Further evidence for an early hydrosphere includes orbital and surface observations of diverse alteration mineral assemblages [e.g. 3-5] and fluvial geomorphology [6]. While carb...