Background: The prevalence of TMD (temporomandibular disorder) in children and early adolescents varies widely. can cause permanent facial deformities affect occlusion speech, which will growth, development, quality life. For prevention, detection is needed. However, often not possible due to a lack understanding the normal shape condyle. Research on condyle symmetry has been much done. Purpose...

The periodontal ligament has a rich sensory nerve supply which originates from the trigeminal ganglion and trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus. Although various types of mechanoreceptors have been reported in the periodontal ligament, the Ruffini ending is an essential one. It is unknown whether the distribution of periodontal nerve fibers in deciduous teeth is identical to that in permanent teeth...

the routine treatment for rotated maxillary incisor is a fi xed appliance, but in some instance the use of this method is impossible. in addition, in only limited cases of rotation, removable appliance is applicable. in this study, the use of a semi-removable appliance is presented, which has some benefi ts over the other methods. in this study, the corrections of about 70 -90° rotation of the ...

Amelogenesis imperfecta represents a broad spectrum of genetic diseases affecting enamel formation in both deciduous and permanent dentition. This paper describes different phenotypes of amelogenesis imperfecta in deciduous, mixed and permanent dentition and treatment options, including a novel treatment possibility for extracted anterior deciduous teeth. The results showed that diagnosis and t...

AIMS To compare the three different methods of caries removal, conventional method using Airotor and chemomechanical method using Carisolv and Papacarie. SETTINGS AND DESIGN The patients with multiple carious teeth were selected either in the deciduous dentition or mixed dentition. Ninety primary molars were selected from 30 children (10 males and 20 females) between the age group 6 and 9 yea...

Studies of the developing anterior occlusion in the mixed dentition indicate a physiologic distal and labial repositioning of the primary canines concomitant to eruption of the maxillary and mandibular permanent incisors. In order not to impede these canine movements, a modification of the loops of bandloop space maintainers is recommended. In place of the usual concavity which encircles the di...

The 2 x 4 appliance comprises bonds on the maxillary incisors, bands on the first permanent maxillary molars and a continuous archwire. The appliance is used in the early mixed dentition for treatment of both anterior crossbites and alignment of ectopic incisors. Four cases using this appliance are presented. This appliance offers many advantages over alternative techniques as it provides compl...

AIM To evaluate the presence of root resorption in the lateral incisor after active orthodontic treatment in the early mixed dentition. METHODS Twenty-six children treated at the Children's Clinic of the Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry at the University of Western Ontario were examined radiographically for lateral incisors root resorption before and after early active treatment to a...

Objective: To determine the incidence of oro-facial habits in children during mixed dentition phase and their effect on overjet and overbite. Material and Methods: A total number of 50 participants were examined clinically on a dental chair in upright position using mouth mirror and straight probe. Personal data and positive findings of the participants were recorded. Clinical oral examination ...

AIM This study evaluated the prevalence of the chewing side preference (CSP) in the deciduous, mixed and permanent dentitions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-hundred subjects were divided in three groups (n = 100): Group 1 - children with deciduous dentition; group 2-children with mixed dentition; group 3 - subjects with permanent dentition. The CSP was determined using a direct method (visual o...