Graphical Markov models use graphs ei ther undirected directed or mixed to rep resent possible dependences among statis tical variables Applications of undirected graphs UDGs include models for spatial de pendence and image analysis while acyclic directed graphs ADGs which are espe cially convenient for statistical analysis arise in such elds as genetics and psychomet rics and as models for exp...

let $n$ be any positive integer and let $f_n$ be the friendship (or dutch windmill) graph with $2n+1$ vertices and $3n$ edges. here we study graphs with the same adjacency spectrum as the $f_n$. two graphs are called cospectral if the eigenvalues multiset of their adjacency matrices are the same. let $g$ be a graph cospectral with $f_n$. here we prove that if $g$ has no cycle of length $4$ or $...

A (m,n)-colored mixed graph is a graph having arcs of m different colors and edges of n different colors. A graph homomorphism of a (m,n)-colored mixed graph G to a (m,n)colored mixed graph H is a vertex mapping such that if uv is an arc (edge) of color c in G, then f(u)f(v) is also an arc (edge) of color c. The (m,n)-colored mixed chromatic number χ(m,n)(G) of a (m,n)-colored mixed graph G, in...

A mixed graph is said to be dense, if its order is close to the Moore bound and it is optimal if there is not a mixed graph with the same parameters and bigger order. We give a construction that provides dense mixed graphs of undirected degree q, directed degree q−1 2 and order 2q 2, for q being an odd prime power. Since the Moore bound for a mixed graph with these parameters is equal to 9q 2−4...

a graph that contains a hamiltonian cycle is called a hamiltonian graph. in this paper wecompute the first and the second geometric – arithmetic indices of hamiltonian graphs. thenwe apply our results to obtain some bounds for fullerene.

a connected graph g is said to be neighbourly irregular graph if no two adjacent vertices of g have same degree. in this paper we obtain neighbourly irregular derived graphs such as semitotal-point graph, k^{tℎ} semitotal-point graph, semitotal-line graph, paraline graph, quasi-total graph and quasivertex-total graph and also neighbourly irregular of some graph products.

In this paper, we consider the problem of finding a mixed upward planarization of a mixed graph, i.e., a graph with directed and undirected edges. The problem is a generalization of the planarization problem for undirected graphs and is motivated by several applications in graph drawing. We present a heuristic approach for this problem which provides good quality and reasonable running time in ...