Meta-analysis of rare event studies has recently become a subject of controversy and debate. We will argue and demonstrate in this paper that the occurrence of zero events in clinical trials or cohort studies, even if zeros occur in both arms (the case of a double-zero trial), is less problematic, at least from a statistical perspective, if the available statistical tools are applied in the app...

We propose a theory of mixed strategies in zero-sum two-person games. Given a finite zero-sum two-person game g, we extend it to collective games g∞ and g∞,S, which are infinite repetitions of the game g. Players in the collective games are restricted to use computable strategies only, but each has a complex sequence that can be used in the computation. We adopt kolmogorov complexity to define ...

We discuss the quenched limit of lattice QCD at non-zero baryon number density. We find evidence for a mixed phase that becomes broader with increasing baryon number. Although the action is explicitly Z(3) symmetric the Polyakov loop expectation value becomes non-zero already in the low temperature phase. It indicates that the heavy quark potential stays finite at large distances, i.e. the stri...

This short note demonstrates how one can define a transformation of a non-zero sum game into a zero sum, so that the optimal mixed strategy achieving equilibrium always exists. The transformation is equivalent to introduction of a passive player into a game (a player with a singleton set of pure strategies), whose payoff depends on the actions of the active players, and it is justified by the l...

A polarization-diverse subsystem based on periodically poled lithium niobate waveguides is used as an optical phase conjugator for compensation for linear and nonlinear distortion. We show successful transmission formats of 13 x 40 Gbit/s non-return-to-zero mixed with 6 x 10 Gbit/s non-return-to-zero and 40-Gbit/s duobinary over 8 x 100 km of standard single-mode fiber. A single phase conjugato...

We study the continuous time Brown-Robinson ctitious play process for non-zero sum games. We show that, in general, ctitious play cannot converge cyclically to a mixed strategy equilibrium in which both players use more than two pure strategies.

We consider two populations co-evolving with fitness defined by the payoff in a two-person zero-sum game. We show that such situations lead to spontaneous and sustained oscillations iff the optimal strategy of the game is mixed.

The function that assigns to each matrix game (i.e., the mixed extension of a finite zero-sum two-player game) its value is axiomatized by a number of intuitive properties.

To account for the preponderance of zero counts and simultaneous correlation of observations, a class of zero-inflated Poisson mixed regression models is applicable for accommodating the within-cluster dependence. In this paper, a score test for zero-inflation is developed for assessing correlated count data with excess zeros. The sampling distribution and the power of the test statistic are ev...