Many authors have analyzed queueing systems with server breakdowns. Kendall (1953) studied stochastic processes occurring in the theory of queues and their analysis by the method of imbedded Markov chains. Buzacott and Hanifin (1978) classified the machine failures as operation dependent failures and time dependent failures. Shanthikumar (1982) analyzed a M/G/1 queueing system with time and ope...

Queueing network models have been extensively applied to represent and analyze resource sharing systems such as communication and computer systems and they have proved to be a powerful and versatile tool for system performance evaluation and prediction. Product form queueing networks have a simple closed form expression of the stationary state distribution that allow to define efficient algorit...

In this paper, we consider a single server queueing system in which the arrivals occur according to Markovian arrival process (MAP). The served customers may be recruited (or opted from those customers’ point of view) act as secondary servers provide services waiting customers. Such who are referred servers. service times main well that assumed exponentially distributed possibly with different ...