Fluorescence spectroscopy on a series of aqueous solutions of poly(acrylic acid) containing a luminescent label showed that polymers with molar mass, Mn < 16.5 kDa did not exhibit a pH responsive conformational change, which is typical of higher molar mass poly(acrylic acid). Below this molar mass, polymers remained in an extended conformation, regardless of pH. Above this molar mass, a pH-depe...

BACKGROUND Molar bonding procedures need continuous improvement to be widely accepted clinically and eventually replace molar bands. MATERIAL AND METHODS The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of enamel micro-abrasion and silane coating of the base of molar tubes on shear and tensile bond strengths of orthodontic molar tubes. A total of 200 third molars were randomly allocated...

BACKGROUND Caries in second molar is common and prophylactic removal of the impacted teeth may be considered appropriate. Caries detection and restoration can be difficult and a restored second molar can undergo recurrent caries if the third molar is not removed prophylactically. In this study, the clinical findings related to impaction and its association with angular position and depth of imp...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: It is required in many young patients that permanent first molars (PFMs) be extracted due to poor prognosis. This study investigates whether the extraction of such teeth is effective on the development of third molars and even their crown and root morphologies.METHODS: A total of 7000 panoramic radiographs were evaluated and 128 radiographs showing a history of extraction of...

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objective(s)distinction of hydatidiform moles from non-molar specimens and subclassification of hydatidiform moles as complete and partial are important for clinical practice, but diagnosis based solely on histomorphology suffers from poor interobserver reproducibility. nowadays, pathologists rely on molecular techniques, however these methods are technically difficult, relatively expensive, an...

the vast majority of mandibular second molars have two roots with three root canals; however, variations in molar root canal anatomy are not uncommon. to the best of our knowledge, four rooted mandibular second molar with three mesial roots and one distal root has never been reported. herein, we present the endodontic management of a four rooted mandibular second molar tooth, diagnosed with the...