Protein glycosylation is essential for eukaryotic cells from yeasts to humans. When compared to N-glycosylation, O-glycosylation is variable in sugar components and the mode of linkages connecting the sugars. In fungi, secretory proteins are commonly mannosylated by protein O-mannosyltransferase (PMT) in the endoplasmic reticulum, and subsequently glycosylated by several glycosyltransferases in...

Over the past 20 years, considerable advances have been made toward our understanding of how post-translational modifications affect a wide variety of biological processes, including morphology and virulence, in medically important fungi. Phosphorylation stands out as a key molecular switch and regulatory modification that plays a critical role in controlling these processes. In this article, w...

Phylogenetic and population genetic methods that compare nucleic acid variation are being used to identify species and populations of pathogenic fungi and determine how they reproduce in nature. These studies show that asexual or sexual reproductive morphology does not necessarily correlate with clonal or recombining reproductive behavior, and that fungi with all types of reproductive morpholog...

We are studying the evolution of parasitism in a group of soil-living ascomycetes that can grow as saprophytes as well as parasites by forming special morphological structures called traps. Analyses of 18S ribosomal DNA sequences have shown that these fungi form a monophyletic and isolated clade among the ascomycetes. The phylogenetic patterns within this clade are concordant with the morpholog...

The addition of biochar alters soil habitats and has an active effect on the symbiotic relationship between plants mycorrhizal fungi. However, it is still unclear whether this strategy phosphorus uptake by plants. Therefore, pot experiments were conducted in order to investigate effects colonization plant growth, absorption, rhizosphere Olsen-P supply maize under two moisture conditions—60% fie...

The endophytic lifestyle has played an important role in the evolution of the morphology of reproductive structures (body) in one of the most problematic groups in fungal classification, the Leotiomycetes (Ascomycota). Mapping fungal morphologies to two groups in the Leiotiomycetes, the Rhytismatales and Hemiphacidiaceae reveals significant divergence in body size, shape and complexity. Mapping...

Aiming to contribute to knowledge of the immature instars of Neotropical Lepidoptera, this study details the morphology of the egg and last instar larvae of Aucula magnifica (Schaus, 1904) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Agaristinae), emphasising the structures of the corium and the chaetotaxy. There is also a report of the occurrence of entomopathogenic action of Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson fungi...

The operational species concept, i.e., the one used to recognize species, is contrasted to the theoretical species concept. A phylogenetic approach to recognize fungal species based on concordance of multiple gene genealogies is compared to those based on morphology and reproductive behavior. Examples where Phylogenetic Species Recognition has been applied to fungi are reviewed and concerns reg...

Kerion celsi is rarely associated with Microsporum audouinii infection. We report the case of a 3-year-old girl with a kerion celsi caused by M. audouinii and successfully treated with oral terbinafine. Fungi identification was made by macro and microscopical colony morphology analyses and molecular (genotypic) studies.