Tuberculosis is most common during a woman's reproductive years and is a major cause of maternal-child mortality. National guidelines for screening and management vary widely owing to insufficient data. In this article, we review the available data on (1) the global burden of tuberculosis in women of reproductive age; (2) how pregnancy and the postpartum period affect the course of tuberculosis...

Scarce information about the epidemiology of historical influenza pandemics in South America prevents complete understanding of pandemic patterns throughout the continent and across different climatic zones. To fill gaps with regard to spatiotemporal patterns of deaths associated with the 1918 influenza pandemic in Chile, we reviewed archival records. We found evidence that multiple pandemic wa...

We present a general host-parasite model that unifies previous theory by investigating the coevolution of virulence, resistance, and tolerance, with respect to multiple physiological, epidemiological, and environmental parameters. Four sets of new predictions emerge. First, compared to virulence coevolving with resistance or tolerance, three-trait coevolution promotes more virulence and less to...

Aim: This study aimed to compare the epidemiology of hip fractures in an elderly population 6 months COVID-19 pandemic and same 6-month period previous year be able reveal how decrease community activity beyond normal seasonal habits because had affected incidence patient population.Methods: A comparison was made data patients who presented at our hospital with a fracture between 1 April 2020 3...

The study includes an analysis of the state of health of the inhabitants of the City of Trino, County of Vercelli, 15 km south-west of the capital town. With industries making a significant environmental impact and an old nuclear centre under dismantlement, in recent years, the City has often been mentioned in local newspapers and pressurised by residents and local associations. Hence the drawi...

BACKGROUND Drowning is a serious but neglected health problem in low-and middle-income countries. OBJECTIVES To describe the effectiveness of drowning prevention program on the reduction of drowning mortality rates in rural settings at the north of Iran, and guide its replication elsewhere. PATIENTS AND METHODS This interventional design included pre- and post-intervention observations in t...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Secular increase in human height and performance occurred in Europe throughout the 20th century despite the temporally worsening access to nutrients during and after World War II. This pattern is paradoxical under the assumption of the major impact of pre- and postnatal growth conditions for determination of adult size and human capital. METHODOLOGY We examined the a...

OBJECTIVE To describe epidemiological aspects of suicide mortality in a 10-year time series. METHODS Suicide deaths reported in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil, were put together as historical time series based on data from the Ministry of Health Mortality Reporting System for the period 1980 to 1999. Suicides were grouped according to the WHO criteria and analyzed using standard ...

OBJECTIVES To study the epidemiological characteristics of myasthenia gravis in Greece. METHODS A population based study was carried out of seropositive myasthenia gravis in Greece for the period from 1 January 1983 to 30 June 1997; 843 patients were studied. RESULTS The average annual incidence for the period 1992-7, for which the database is complete, was 7.40/million population/year (wom...

The Open University's repository of research publications and other research outputs Type A behavior and risk of all-cause mortality, CAD, and CAD-related mortality, in a type 1 diabetes population: 22 years of follow-up in the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study Journal Article (2013). Type A behavior and risk of all-cause mortality, CAD, and CAD-related mortality, in a typ...