Surface-adsorbed organics can alter the chemistry of tropospheric aerosols thereby impacting photochemical cycles and altering aerosol properties. The nature of the surface can also influence the chemistry of the surface-adsorbed organic. We employed diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) to monitor the adsorption of gaseous catechol on several tropospheric aerosol surrogates and to...

Urinary benzene (UB) was investigated as a biomarker of exposure among benzene-exposed workers and unexposed subjects in Shanghai, China. Measurements were performed via headspace solid phase microextraction of 0.5 ml of urine specimens followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. This assay is simple and more sensitive than other methods (detection limit 0.016 microg benzene/l urine). The...

The enzyme, pyrocatechase, isolated and partially purified from anthranilate-adapted cells of a pseudomonad, was shown to catalyze the oxidative cleavage of the aromatic ring of catechol to cis, cis-muconic acid (1). Subsequently, through the use of 0218 and HsO~~, the two oxygen atoms incorporated across the double bond between the two hydroxyl groups were shown to be derived from atmospheric ...

Carboxyl methyltransferase (CMT) enzymes catalyse the biomethylation of carboxylic acids under aqueous conditions and have potential for use in synthetic enzyme cascades. Herein we report that FtpM from Aspergillus fumigatus can methylate a broad range aromatic mono- dicarboxylic good to excellent conversions. The shows high regioselectivity on its natural substrate fumaryl-l-tyrosine, trans, t...

Analysis of the adaptive patterns of many tryptophan-oxidizing pseudomonads indicates that a majority of these organisms metabolize tryptophan via kynurenine, anthranilic acid, and catechol-the so-called "aromatic pathway" (Stanier, Hayaishi, and Tsuchida, 1951). In order to confirm the existence of this pathway, we have undertaken a study of the enzymatic activities of cellfree extracts. Only ...

OBJECTIVES Benzene is commonly emitted in several industries, leading to widespread environmental and occupational exposure hazards. While less toxic solvents have been substituted for benzene, it is still a component of petroleum products and is a trace impurity in industrial products resulting in continued higher occupational exposures in industrial settings in developing countries. MATERIA...

Biobased fuels, chemicals, and materials can replace fossil fuel products mitigate climate change. Sugarcane mills have the potential to produce a wider range of biobased chemicals in similar approach bioethanol production, including adipic acid. Multiple alternative pathways for converting simple sugars into acid been described, with integration sugar mill. The economics expected greenhouse ga...

The metabolism of benzene is reviewed, and the objectives of a quantitative balance study begun in 1945 are outlined; problems of toxicology and metabolism research of some 50 years ago are considered. The quantitative metabolism of 14C-benzene in the rabbit is annotated and compared with that of unlabeled benzene quantified by nonisotopic methods. The anomalies of phenylmercapturic acid and tr...