In animal eyes of the camera type longitudinal chromatic aberration causes defocus that is particularly severe in species with short depth of focus. In a variety of vertebrates, multifocal optical systems compensate for longitudinal chromatic aberration by concentric zones of different refractive powers. Since a constricting circular pupil blocks peripheral zones, eyes with multifocal optical s...

PURPOSE To assess local retinal function of macula in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). METHODS Multifocal electroretinograms (ERGs) were recorded in 5 patients with unilateral CSC and 20 normal subjects. The waveforms from the central retina within 5 degrees of visual angle were analyzed. The first negative trough was designated as N1, the first positive peak as P1, and t...

PURPOSE To assess the effectiveness and safety of a multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) with +2.5 diopter (D) additional power compared with a monofocal IOL. SETTING Fifteen sites in the United States. DESIGN Prospective randomized patient- and observer-masked clinical trial. METHODS Randomized patients received multifocal or monofocal IOLs bilaterally. Visual acuity (33 cm, 40 cm, 53 cm, 6...

PURPOSE Uveitis is the inflammation of the uveal tract, which usually also affects the retina and vitreous humor. The electrophysiological examination is an objective ocular examination that includes the electroretinogram, visual evoked potentials, the electrooculogram, the multifocal electroretinogram, and multifocal visual evoked potentials. Our aim is to review the literature of the use of t...

Intraocular lenses (IOLs) provide distance and near refraction and are becoming the standard for cataract surgery. Multifocal glasses increase variability of toe clearance in older adults navigating stairs and increase fall risk; however, little is known about the biomechanics of stair navigation in individuals with multifocal IOLs. This study compared clearance while ascending and descending s...

Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) and multifocal retinitis with perivascular sheathing are rare in ocular toxoplasmosis. We report a case of toxoplasmic CRAO and multifocal retinitis with perivascular sheathing. A healthy 83-year-old male developed left panuveitis. Funduscopic examination of the left eye showed a swollen optic disc and sheathing of the retinal artery with a dense vitreous...

PURPOSE To investigate clinical characteristics and surgical treatment of multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma. METHODS A total of 648 patients diagnosed with papillary thyroid carcinoma were enrolled, 168 with multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma. Clinicopathological factors including gender, age at diagnosis, family history of thyroid tumor, multiplicity and bilaterality of tumor, extra...

PURPOSE Multifocal soft contact lenses have been used to decrease the progression of myopia, presumably by inducing relative peripheral myopia at the same time as the central image is focused on the fovea. The aim of this study was to investigate how the peripheral optical effect of commercially available multifocal soft contact lenses can be evaluated from objective wavefront measurements. M...