Chromatin modifications and the promoter-associated epigenome are important for the regulation of gene expression. However, the mechanisms by which chromatin-modifying complexes are targeted to the appropriate gene promoters in vertebrates and how they influence gene expression have remained poorly defined. Here, using a combination of live-cell imaging and functional genomics, we discover that...

In this paper, we introduce a linear operator for harmonic multivalent functions by using harmonic convolution operator and generalized Saitoh operator. We investigate some properties of a new subclass of harmonic multivalent functions defined by using this operator.

Elucidation of interactions involving DNA and histone post-translational-modifications (PTMs) is essential for providing insights into complex biological functions. Reader assemblies connected by flexible linkages facilitate avidity and increase affinity; however, little is known about the contribution to the recognition process of multiple PTMs because of rigidity in the absence of conformatio...

Affinity-based cell separation is label-free and highly specific, but it is difficult to efficiently and gently release affinity-captured cells due to the multivalent nature of cell-material interactions. To address this challenge, we have developed a platform composed of a capture substrate and a cell-releasing molecular trigger. The capture substrate is functionalized with a cell-capture anti...

The binding of a polymeric ligand to a cell surface receptor can promote its internalization. Methods to track and visualize multivalent ligands within a cell can give rise to new therapeutic strategies and illuminate signaling processes. We have used the features of the ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) to develop a general strategy for synthesizing multivalent ligands equipped wit...

CHD4 is a catalytic subunit of the NuRD (nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase) complex essential in transcriptional regulation, chromatin assembly and DNA damage repair. CHD4 contains tandem plant homeodomain (PHD) fingers connected by a short linker, the biological function of which remains unclear. Here we explore the combinatorial action of the CHD4 PHD1/2 fingers and detail the molecular b...

– A theory is presented for the effective charge of colloidal particles in suspensions containing multivalent counterions. It is shown that if colloids are sufficiently strongly charged, the number of condensed multivalent counterion can exceed the bare colloidal charge leading to charge reversal. Charge renormalization in suspensions with multivalent counterions depends on a subtle interplay b...

Specific carbohydrate recognition in biology is a dynamic process. Thus, supramolecular multivalent scaffolds with dynamic features have been applied to mimic this process. Herein, we prepared DNA-dendron supramolecular fibers and synthesized carbohydrate-oligonucleotide conjugates (C18mannose). Via DNA hybridization, the C18-mannose could be guided onto the fiber platform and form multiple man...

This review discusses the role of galectin-1 in the tumor microenvironment. First, the structure and function of galectin-1 are discussed. Galectin-1, a member of the galectin family of lectins, is a functionally dimeric galactoside-binding protein. Although galectin-1 has both intracellular and extracellular functions, the defining carbohydrate-binding role occurs extracellularly. In this revi...

This paper presents a uniied systematic framework of dynamic controller synthesis for systems described by Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) model. The control laws are in the form of so-called parallel distributed compensation (PDC) introduced by the authors. This paper provides two results. First, we introduce the notion of dynamic PDC compensators and provide a set of suf-cient LMI conditions for the exis...