Eng, Janice J. and J. A. Hoffer. Regional variability of stretch length (Hoffer et al. 1989, 1992). During active movements, reflex amplitude in the cat medial gastrocnemius muscle during a extrafusal fibers can shorten while the muscle is lengthening postural task. J. Neurophysiol. 78: 1150–1154, 1997. The relationand vice-versa, and thus muscle spindle lengths cannot be ship between local fib...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate muscle damage indicators and electromyography activities of quadriceps muscles at 25° of hip flexion in untrained healthy females after an eccentric exercise induced muscle fiber damage. METHODS A total of 14 healthy females participated in this pre-experimental study. The subjects performed maximal eccentric quadriceps contractions at 25˚ o...

The relative contributions of innervation and androgen to three muscle fiber properties-twitch type, size, and number-were examined in the sexually dimorphic, androgensensitive laryngeal muscle of Xenopus laevis. In adults, the muscle contains all fast-twitch fibers in males and fastand slow-twitch fibers in females; laryngeal muscle fibers are larger and more numerous in males than in females....

Animal muscles generate forces and induce movements at desirable rates. These roles are interactive and must be considered together. Performance of the organism and survival of the species also involve potential optimization of control and of energy consumption. Further, individual variability arising partly via ontogeny and partly from phylogenetic history often has pronounced and sometime con...

the environmental scanning electron microscopy (esem) is a new development in the field of electron microscopy. in this study esem has been used to study the structure of veal semimembranosus muscle. four treatments, raw (control), conventional heating, domestic and industrial microwave heating, were observed using esem. the temperature used in conventional heating was 163 0c. frequency app...

Introduction: After rotator cuff tendon tear, the corresponding musculotendinous unit may retract massively, accompanied by severe fatty infiltration of the muscle tissue. The retraction of the tendon and muscle is the main reason for the irreparability of long-standing rotator cuff tendon tears. The amount of retraction of the musculotendinous unit is usually estimated by the size of the gap b...

objective(s): previous studies showed that skeletal muscle microcirculation was reduced in chronic heart failure. the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of endurance training on capillary and arteriolar density of fast and slow twitch muscles in rats with chronic heart failure. materials and methods: four weeks after surgeries (left anterior descending (lad) artery occlusion), chr...

This wide-ranging, omnivorous lizard of Australia has a very complex adductor muscle mass, with fibers differing in length by a factor of three and in insertion angle by 90 degrees. Stimulated muscles produce maximal moment with the mouth nearly fully open. The opening mechanism appears to involve only simple rotation and no translation of the mandible. EMGs indicate that the entire mass is act...

Purpose: Proprioception is a part of the somatosensory system responsible for sending information to the central nervous system to monitor the status of various body parts relative to each another. One of the main causes of impaired proprioception is fatigue. In the following study, the effects of fatigue on quadriceps muscle and hence on knee proprioception in healthy subjects was studied.&nbs...