An extensive review of primary and secondary occurrence data, including several new records, the South American native antlion Dimares elegans (Perty) revealed that this species is endemic to regions stressful water regime (Caatinga, Cerrado, Chaco temperate fields) adjacent areas in Amazon rainforest, Atlantic forest Pampas. Its known distribution from Santarém, Pará state, northern Brazil Río...

Unique in the insect world for their extremely sedentary predatory behavior, pit-dwelling larval antlions dig pits, and then sit at the bottom and wait, sometimes for months, for prey to fall inside. This sedentary predation strategy, combined with their seemingly innate ability to detect approaching prey, make antlions unlikely candidates for learning. That is, although scientists have demonst...

The larva of Tricholeon relictus, a Spanish endemic antlion of Afrotropical affinities, is described and illustrated for the first time also providing a comparison with the only other European member of the tribe Dendroleontini, Dendroleon pantherinus. The larva of this species is synanthropic but probably originally lived in cave-like habitats.

A new African species of antlion, Megistoleon thaumatopteryx sp. nov., is described from Mozambique. The poorly known genus Megistoleon Navás, 1931 and the only other species currently attributed to it, M. ritsemae (van der Weele, 1907) are redescribed in order to provide a better comparison with the new taxon. These myrmeleontids are easily distinguishable by means of an exclusive set of chara...

A new African species of antlion, Megistoleon thaumatopteryx sp. nov., is described from Mozambique. The poorly known genus Megistoleon Navás, 1931 and the only other species currently attributed to it, M. ritsemae (van der Weele, 1907) are redescribed in order to provide a better comparison with the new taxon. These myrmeleontids are easily distinguishable by means of an exclusive set of chara...

A poorly known species of antlions, Omoleon jeanneli Navás, 1936 is redescribed and illustrated with five photos and genitalia drawings. A key for African Dendroleontini is given. This is the first record of O. jeanneli from Kenya.