Hypothyroidism is a common endocrinopathy in dogs but is rare in cats. Lymphocytic thyroiditis and idiopathic thyroid atrophy are common causes of this condition. Specific thyroid function tests, in conjunction with clinical signs and physical examination findings, are used to help confirm a diagnosis of hypothyroidism. This disease can be managed with synthetic hormone supplementation and has ...

Although pretibial myxedema (PTM) occurs in 4.3% of patients with Graves's disease, the most severe variant, elephantiasis nostras verrucosa, is found in less than 1% of cases. The most frequent location of infiltration is the lower extremities, especially the pretibial areas and on the dorsum of the foot. The authors report one of the most severe cases of elephantiasis nostras verrucosa, follo...

Hyponatremia has been reported in the elderly with hypothyroidism and myxedema, but this has not been a universal finding in clinical studies and there have been only a few reports in children. We report a case of an infant who developed hyponatremia due to severe primary hypothyroidism. A 4-month-old ex-preterm male, who had been euthyroid on the newborn screen, developed unexplained hospital-...