The transmission of digitized music files, particularly on filesharing networks, is having a profound impact on the consumption and production of music. Although previous forms of copying have been found to often have benign effects on copyright owners, the rise in file -sharing has coincided with a steep decline in the sale of sound recordings. This paper attempts to empirically examine whethe...

Recently, peer-to-peer applications have become very popular in the Internet. In most cases they are used for file sharing purposes, like the exchange of MP3 files introduced by Napster [1] and evolved by its successors (e.g. Gnutella [2]). The mechanisms these applications are based on work fine for file sharing due to the elastic traffic characteristics. This is not the case for on-demand vid...

In the last few years, the success of the Napster online music sharing program has drawn much attention to an emerging paradigm for communication on the Internet namely Peerto-Peer (P2P) technology. In P2P, file sharing is probably the most popular application. But in fact, computers in P2P networks or peer nodes can share various types of data and resources, i.e. files, bandwidth, storage spac...

Due to the widespread appearance of filesharing systems like Napster, the peer-to-peer concept has recently become well known. So far, these file-sharing systems have been used for the exchange of digital goods. We recommend a concept, based on that of the file-sharing system, for a decentralized electronic marketplace that focuses on the exchange of physical goods. In contrast to file-sharing ...

The maturing distributed file sharing technology implemented by Napster has first enabled the dissemination of musical content in digital form, permitting to customers to retrieve stored music files from around the world. In the post-Napster era, the Apple iTunes online music service has hit a record share of 16.7% in the MP3 player market [J. Mc Hugh, Why Wi-Fi is a good business? Wired (2003)...

Involvement of the AP-1 (activator protein-1) transcription factor has been demonstrated previously in the regulation of cell proliferation and cell-cycle progression, in the control of cell migration, invasion and metastasis, and in signal transduction, stress responsiveness, DNA replication and DNA repair. YB-1 (Y-box-binding protein-1) has also been implicated in many of these processes. How...

Since the birth of the computer era, the clientserver paradigm has become the natural way of designing network architectures. As data and application logic are available at just one or few places (the servers), obvious simplicity follows concerning deployment, security or maintenance questions. Large mainframes and server farms are still nowadays at the core of all critical applications in indu...

In recent years the issue of digital file sharing has become a hotly debated topic among those in the fields of computer science, the music industry, and the movie industry. The purpose of this research was to examine the perceptions of peer-to-peer file sharing among university students. The results of the study revealed that a majority of respondents did in fact use peer-to-peer file sharing ...

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The peer-to-peer (P2P) paradigm has emerged recently, mainly by file sharing systems like Napster or Gnutella and in terms of scalable distributed data structures. Because of the decentralization P2P systems promise an improved scalability and robustness, and they open a new view on data integration approaches, too. By exploiting already available mappings between pairs of peers a new peer join...