OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the standard therapy for sleep apnea; however, compliance rates are historically poor. Among the most commonly cited reasons for nonadherence is nasal obstruction. Our study sought to examine if nasal surgery actually increases CPAP compliance. STUDY DESIGN Prospective case series. METHODS Nasal CPAP-intolerant obstru...

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is not only a problem of the upper airway but is a systemic condition with endocrine and metabolic interactions. The accumulating body of evidence shows that SDB induces changes in the serum levels or secretory patterns of several hormones. Conversely, various endocrine disorders and hormone therapies may induce, exacerbate or alleviate SDB. Much of the understa...

The treatment of sleep apnea with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) occasionally has been associated with the appearance of periodic limb movement (PLM) disorder, but it has not been clear whether CPAP induces PLM, or whether the PLM is simply disguised until apnea is treated. We report the emergence of PLM after the inadvertent application of CPAP in a patient without sleep apnea.

In an attempt to identify predictors of long-term compliance with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), we reviewed the records of 125 patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) referred to our center for nasal CPAP trials. Severity of sleep apnea, sleep staging, daytime hypersomnolence, effectiveness of nasal CPAP, previous palatal surgery, and adverse reactions were compared in c...

We report the case of a 15-year-old boy with obstructive sleep apnea and obesity who was treated since the age of 5 with nasal continuous positive airway pressure. Due to the long-term use of a nasal mask, the child developed a mid-face hypoplasia. Chronic use of a nasal mask for home ventilation in children should always be associated with regular evaluations of maxillomandibular growth.

There is increasing evidence that nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) lowers blood pressure in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients, not only during sleep but also in the daytime. However, both the mechanisms of blood pressure reduction and the considerable differences in the magnitude of the effect in the studies presented to date are not fully understood. Therefore, the autho...

Sleepiness whilst driving constitutes a road safety risk. Sleep-related breathing disorders are the most frequent medical cause of daytime sleepiness, and untreated patients with this condition have been shown to be at a higher risk of having accidents while driving. This study addressed the question of the extent to which treatment of sleep-disordered breathing by nasal continuous positive air...

In preterm infants receiving supplemental oxygen, manual control of the inspired oxygen fraction is often time-consuming and inappropriate. We developed a system for automatic oxygen control and hypothesized that this system is more effective than routine manual oxygen control in maintaining target arterial oxygen saturation levels. We performed a randomized controlled crossover clinical trial ...

word count 200) Question of the study: To assess the impact of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) in ischemic stroke patients followed for 2 years. Materials/patients and methods: Stroke patients with an apnea-hypopnea index ≥20 were randomized to early nCPAP (n = 71) (3–6 days of stroke onset) or conventional treatment (n = 69). The Barthel Index, the Canadian Scale, the Rankin ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE In preterm infants receiving supplemental oxygen, routine manual control (RMC) of the fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) is often difficult and time consuming. We developed a system for closed-loop automatic control (CLAC) of the FIO2 and demonstrated its short-term safety and efficacy in a single-center study. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that...