OBJECTIVES To assess the variability in the number of cigarettes smoked per person per day in Spain according to the information source (health surveys versus legal sales). METHODS We compared cigarette consumption per person per day (population aged ≥16 years) obtained from the national health surveys in Spain and the official data on legal tobacco sales between 1993 and 2009. RESULTS Ciga...

This report provides background information on the reporting of chronic conditions and physical impairments in the National Health Interview Survey and other health interview surveys. Relevant results from” methodological and evaluation studies conducted or sponsored by the National Center for Health Statistics are reviewed systematically; and some findings from other health interview surveys a...

In the past few years several countries have conducted national population-based HIV surveys. Survey methods, levels of participation bias from absence or refusal and lessons learned conducting such surveys are compared in four national population surveys: Mali, Kenya, Peru and Zambia. In Mali, Zambia, and Kenya, HIV testing of adult women and men was included in the national-level demographic ...

Measurements of height and weight are important data source relating to growth and development, puberty, and nutritional status of children and adolescents. In clinical setting, the charts of the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), USA, are used in Iran. A survey identified significant differences in weight- and height-for-age across provinces, between urban and rural children. Althou...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to describe the magnitude of educational inequalities in utilisation of general practitioner (GP) and specialist services in 9 European countries. In addition to West European countries, we have included 3 Eastern European countries: Hungary, Estonia and Latvia. To cover the gap in knowledge we pay a special attention to the magnitude of inequalities among pa...

PURPOSE To review U.S. national population-based surveys to evaluate comparability and conceptual clarity of vision measures. DESIGN Perspective. METHODS The vision questions in 12 surveys were mapped to the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health framework under the domains of condition, impairment, activity limitation, participation, ...

This study describes the behavior management training and instructional practices of Nationally Certified Adapted Physical Education (CAPE) teachers. Participants who were currently teaching APE and were certified during the past 10 years were selected from the Adapted Physical Education National Standards (APENS) database. Eighty-nine APE teachers (67 females; 22 males) responded to the online...

BACKGROUND Technology in orthopaedic surgery has become more widespread in the past 20 years, with emerging evidence of its benefits in arthroplasty. Although patients are aware of benefits of conventional joint replacement, little is known on patients' knowledge of the prevalence, benefits or drawbacks of surgery involving navigation or robotic systems. METHODS In an outpatient arthroplasty ...