Introduction Parasitic helminth infections, including lymphatic filariasis (LF), schistosomiasis and soiltransmitted helminthiasis (STH), are prevalent and often co-exist among poor populations in the developing world. Schistosomiasis and STH have particularly high prevalence among school-aged children, and LF is also more prevalent in this population than previously thought. Ivermectin (IVM) a...

The burden of schistosomiasis (SCH) in children and infants Until recently, a paucity of information fueled the debate of whether national neglected tropical disease control programs should treat young children with praziquantel (PZQ). International dialogue was driven by uncertainty regarding the distribution and prevalence of SCH in children under 5, and whether targeting them with preventati...

We present a novel needle-based device for the measurement of refractive index and scattering using low-coherence interferometry. Coupled to the sample arm of an optical coherence tomography system, the device detects the scattering response of, and optical path length through, a sample residing in a fixed-width channel. We report use of the device to make near-infrared measurements of tissues ...

A new device for stopping or reducing potentially irritating or harmful emissions from surfaces indoors is described. The device is a surface emissions trap prototype and consists of an adsorbent sheet with a semipermeable barrier surrounded by two thin nonwoven layers. The trap may be applied directly at the source of the emissions e.g. at moisture-affected floors and walls, surfaces contamina...

background: needle stick accidents  are a serious health  risk  for blood-borne infections among health-care workers(hcws). objective: to determine the frequency of needle stick injuries (nsis)  among hcws. material & methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted in  behesti hospital  of kashan from september 2012 to march 2013. data were collected using  a questionnaire. result: needle stick ...

In the last decades an important number of research papers published on nano chip electrode and cathode electrochromic materials. Tantalum (Ta) with so high melting point can be as a good candidate for the future of nano chip devices. However, its surface has not enough trap centers and/or occupation states, so nitrogen ions exposed on Ta surafce, may solve this problem. For this purpose, in th...

A needle-type extraction device is one of the promising sample preparation devices for the gas chromatographic (GC) analysis of various organic compounds. The most remarkable advantage of this device is a simple and rapid desorption of the analytes by direct insertion of an extraction needle into a conventional GC injection port. In this review, fundamental aspects of the needle-type extraction...

A transmission-type light-trap silicon radiometer has been developed to hold the NIST spectral power and irradiance responsivity scales between 406 nm and 920 nm. The device is built from replaceable input apertures and tightly packed different-size silicon photodiodes. The photodiodes are positioned in a triangular shape tunnel such that beam clipping is entirely eliminated within an 8 field-o...

This paper reports a novel remotely actuated device for transrectal prostate biopsy, designed for use in a conventional high-field MRI scanner. The device provides three-dimensional MRI guided biopsy needle placement with sub-millimeter accuracy under physician control. Its compact size enables use in both closed and open configuration MRI scanners. Preliminary in-vivo canine experiments demons...