In senile disciform macular degeneration the retina and pigment epithelium are elevated by serous fluid, which arises from subpigment epithelial fibrovascular tissue originating from the choroid. Disciform macular degeneration was described in the igth century (Oeller, I893) and yet by 1939, when the "Text-Book of Ophthalmology" was being written, Duke-Elder (I940) could find only I30 cases in ...

PURPOSE Age-related macular degeneration is a common form of vision loss affecting older adults. The etiology of AMD is multifactorial and is influenced by environmental and genetic risk factors. In this study, we examine how 19 common risk variants contribute to drusen progression, a hallmark of AMD pathogenesis. METHODS Exome chip data was made available through the International AMD Genomi...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether single-field fundus photography can be used as a screening tool to identify diabetic retinopathy for referral for further ophthalmic care. METHODS A MEDLINE search of the peer-reviewed literature was conducted in June 2001 for the years 1968 to 2001 and updated in September 2003, yielding 145 articles. The search was limited to articles published in English. The ...

BACKGROUND Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is the most prevalent cause of visual loss in patients older than 60 years in the United States. Observation of drusen is the hallmark finding in the clinical evaluation of ARMD. OBJECTIVES To segment and quantify drusen found in patients with ARMD using image analysis and to compare the efficacy of image analysis segmentation with that of st...

AIM To determine the prevalence of age related maculopathy (ARM) in a representative older Japanese population. METHODS 1486 residents of Hisayama town, Fukuoka, Japan, aged 50 years or older were examined and the presence of ARM was determined by grading from fundus examination by indirect ophthalmoscope, slit lamp, and colour fundus photographs. RESULTS The prevalence rate of drusen, whic...

AIMS To characterise the disease in patients with mutations in RPE65. METHODS Individuals from two families were studied clinically. RESULTS 13 and 20 year old compound heterozygote individuals from one family with R234X and 1121delA mutations showed nystagmus, macular dystrophy and low contrasted spots in the fundus. Some heterozygotes had macular drusen. A 40 year old compound heterozygot...

PURPOSE To describe the utility of using ultra-widefield digital fundus photography and ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography (UWFA) in the pediatric patient population to evaluate peripheral retinal pathology and to manage Coats' disease and familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR). METHODS Retrospective review of pediatric retinal patients with FEVR or Coats' disease who underwent ultr...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the progression of change in the cone-driven multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) responses in patients previously identified as having high-risk, soft drusen 63 mum or greater. METHODS Seventeen eyes of 14 patients were reevaluated after 28 to 41 months. Fundus changes were graded depending on drusen size and extent. Each of the 103 mfERG responses was analyzed and comp...

Objective. To describe the diverse patterns observed with the use of autofluorescence fundus photography (FAF) in patients with Birdshot chorioretinopathy (BSCR). Methods. A chart review of patients with BSCR seen at the Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, who had autofluorescence fundus photography. The data obtained included age, gender, presence of the HLA-A29 haplotype, and ...