Background. Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a severely disabling autoimmune disorder of the CNS, which mainly affects the optic nerves and spinal cord. However, recent studies have shown that extra-opticospinal are more common in NMO than previously thought. Objective. To investigate olfactory function (OF) in patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO) versus healthy controls (HC). Methods. Psychop...

IMPORTANCE Documentation of muscle pathology compatible with targeting of sarcolemmal aquaporin-4 (AQP4) by complement-activating IgG implies involvement of organs beyond the central nervous system in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. OBSERVATIONS We report on a 51-year-old woman who had relapsing optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, AQP4-IgG seropositivity, and recurrent myalgias with...

Neuromyelitis optica is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system in which there are episodes of inflammation and damage to the myelin that almost exclusively affect the optic nerves and spinal cord. It usually causes temporary blindness, occasionally permanent, in one or both eyes. It can also lead to varying degrees of weakness or paralysis in the legs or arms, loss of sensation, ...

We present the unusual case of a patient with an aquaporin 4 antibody-seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder who presented with autonomic dysregulation, cognitive impairment, and symptoms of psychosis. Only a few previous cases have been described with similar psychiatric symptoms. Brain MRI showed an abnormal hyperintense T2 signal of the hypothalamus and, to a lesser extent, a mi...

Neuromyelitis optica, also known as Devic's disease, is a rare autoimmune disorder in which a patient's immune system affects the optic nerves and the spinal cord, leading to loss of vision and spinal cord dysfunction. We present our experience with a 38-year-old female who presented to our facility with complaints of intractable nausea and vomiting. After extensive evaluation, she was found to...

Background: Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune neurological disorder that is characterized by optic neuritis and longitudinally-extended transverse myelitis lesions in spinal segments. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings are part of the diagnostic process in NMOSD patients, and abnormal lesion patterns may cause deviation from a correct diagnosis.  Clinical P...

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a rare but severely disabling disease, affecting predominantly the optic nerves and spinal cord. Aquaporin-4 (AQP4 IgG) antibodies have been described as characteristic and pathogenic for the disease. Some NMO cases are AQP4 IgG negative, of which a fraction has antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG). We report the pregnancy of a 42 year old E...

We have studied the clinical picture of anti-aquaporin antibody (AQP4-Ab)- and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-Ab)-positive optic neuritis. However, optic neuritis associated with MOG-Abs has not been elucidated using new methods such as cell-based assay. Hence, we conducted a comprehensive investigation on its clinical profile. Serum samples from 70 patients (17 males an...