We report here on a new prozostrodontian cynodont, Botucaraitherium belarminoi gen. et sp. nov., from the Late Triassic Riograndia Assemblage Zone (AZ) of the Candelária Sequence (Santa Maria Supersequence), collected in the Botucaraí Hill Site, Candelária Municipality, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The new taxon is based on a single specimen (holotype MMACR-PV-003-T) which includes the l...

Albanerpetontids are an enigmatic fossil amphibian group known from deposits of Middle Jurassic to Pliocene age. The oldest and youngest records are from Europe, but the group appeared in North America in the late Early Cretaceous and radiated there during the Late Cretaceous. Until now, the Asian record has been limited to fragmentary specimens from the Late Cretaceous of Uzbekistan. This led ...

Some fungal species were isolated from scab or scab-like symptoms on leaves of various plant hosts in Iran. Some of them isolated from apple and pear leaves were investigated in the present study. The isolates were identified based on the morphological and cultural characteristics. On the other hand, for molecular identification and phylogenetic analyses were carried out based on the sequence o...

A new emu (Emuarius guljaruba, sp. nov.) is described from the Late Oligocene Etadunna Formation (Ngama Local Fauna), based on a complete tarsometatarsus. While exhibiting evidence of cursorial abilities advanced over those of cassowaries (Casuarius), this taxon was not as cursorially adapted as the living Emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae). This taxon is provisionally referred to the genus Emuariu...

This study describes a new record of a thelotremoid lichen (Leucodecton desquamescens) from South Korea. The taxon is characterized by thick, bulging thallus with many calcium oxalate crystal inclusions; an immersed, round to irregular ascomata with free exciple, ellipsoid to ± roundish submuriform, brown ascospores, and lack of secondary metabolites. A detailed taxonomic description and commen...

The homoplasy excess test (HET) is a tree-based screen for hybrid taxa in multilocus nuclear phylogenies. Homoplasy between a hybrid taxon and the clades containing the parental taxa reduces bootstrap support in the tree. The HET is based on the expectation that excluding the hybrid taxon from the data set increases the bootstrap support for the parental clades, whereas excluding non-hybrid tax...

—Foza raimundi, a new genus and species of freshwater crab from Antsiranana Province,northernMadagascar, isdescribedfromahigh-altitude locality in the isolated Marojejy mountain range. The unusual combination of characters of the new species warrants the establishment of a new genus to accommodate this taxon. The new taxon is compared to the other species of freshwater crabs occurring in Madaga...