Mid-infrared (MIR) sideband generation on a near infrared (NIR) optical carrier is demonstrated within a quantum cascade laser (QCL). By employing an externally injected NIR beam, E(NIR), that is resonant with the interband transitions of the quantum wells in the QCL, the nonlinear susceptibility is enhanced, leading to both frequency mixing and sideband generation. A GaAs-based MIR QCL (E(QCL)...

We report on quasi-simultaneous Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer and optical/near-infrared (nIR) observations of the black hole candidate X-ray transient GX 339–4. Our observations were made over a time span of more than eight months in 2002 and cover the initial rise and transition from a hard to a soft spectral state in X-rays. Two distinct patterns of correlated X-ray–optical/nIR behavior were fo...

The rapid development of near-infrared surface-enhanced Raman scattering (NIR SERS) imaging technology has attracted strong interest from scientists and clinicians due to its narrow spectral bandwidth, low background interference, and deep imaging depth. In this report, the graphene oxide (GO)-wrapped gold nanorods (GO@GNRs) were developed as a smart and robust nanoplatform for ultrafast NIR SE...

BACKGROUND Bacillus anthracis is a pathogen that causes life-threatening disease--anthrax. B. anthracis spores are highly resistant to extreme temperatures and harsh chemicals. Inactivation of B. anthracis spores is important to ensure the environmental safety and public health. The 2001 bioterrorism attack involving anthrax spores has brought acute public attention and triggered extensive rese...

Far red/near-infrared light (NIR) promotes a wide range of biological effects including tissue protection but whether and how NIR is capable of acutely protecting myocardium against ischemia and reperfusion injury in vivo is not fully elucidated. Our previous work indicates that NIR exposure immediately before and during early reperfusion protects the myocardium against infarction through mecha...

We report phosphorescent sensitized fluorescent near-infrared (NIR) light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) utilizing a phosphorescent cationic transition metal complex [Ir(ppy)(2)(dasb)](+)(PF(6)(-)) (where ppy is 2-phenylpyridine and dasb is 4,5-diaza-9,9'-spirobifluorene) as the host and two fluorescent ionic NIR emitting dyes 3,3'-diethyl-2,2'-oxathiacarbocyanine iodide (DOTCI) and 3,3'...

Mostly today, illegal activities occur in the darkness of night. So how does one observe an area looking for lawbreakers at night when no means of visual sight is available? Using spotlights to see what is happening modifies the very behaviour that is being witnessed. Infrared cameras allow surveillance personnel to set back at a safe and unnoticeable distance and record the activity as it occu...

Recent progress in computational photography has shown that we can acquire near-infrared (NIR) information in addition to the normal visible (RGB) band, with only slight modifications to standard digital cameras. Due to the proximity of the NIR band to visible radiation, NIR images share many properties with visible images. However, as a result of the material dependent reflection in the NIR pa...

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the use of near-infrared (NIR) spectrometry for the in vitro quantification of econazole nitrate (EN) and estradiol (EST) in human skin. Methods. NIR spectra were collected from EN and EST powders to verify the presence of NIR chromophores. One percent EN cream, a saturated solution of EN, or 0.25% EST solution was applied to human skin. NIR...

Near infrared (NIR) molecular imaging is useful to identify tumor margins during surgery; however, the value of this technology has not been evaluated for tumors that have been pre-treated with chemotherapy. We hypothesized that NIR molecular imaging could locate mediastinal tumor margins in a murine model after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Flank thymomas were established on mice. Two separate exp...